A male client receives a scopolamine transdermal patch 2 hours before surgery. Four hours after surgery, the client tells the nurse that he is experiencing pain and asks why the patch is not working. Which action should the nurse take?

Check for correct placement of the patch behind the client's ear.

Explain that the medication is not given to prevent pain.

Advise the client that the effects of the medication have worn off.

Offer to apply a new transdermal patch to relieve the pain.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) Check for correct placement of the patch behind the client's ear: While ensuring correct placement is important for the effectiveness of transdermal patches, the scopolamine patch is primarily used for motion sickness and nausea, not for pain relief. Checking placement does not address the client's pain, which is not the intended use of the medication.

B) Explain that the medication is not given to prevent pain: Scopolamine is used to prevent nausea and motion sickness, not to manage pain. The client’s pain is unrelated to the patch’s intended purpose. Educating the client about the medication's purpose and recommending appropriate pain management would address the issue effectively.

C) Advise the client that the effects of the medication have worn off: The scopolamine patch's effects for nausea or motion sickness would not typically wear off within four hours. The medication was not intended to address pain, so advising the client about its effectiveness for nausea rather than pain would be more appropriate.

D) Offer to apply a new transdermal patch to relieve the pain: Applying a new patch would not be effective for pain management, as scopolamine is not designed for pain relief. Instead, the focus should be on addressing the client's pain with suitable analgesics and explaining the purpose of the scopolamine patch.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. When signs of severe hypoglycemia occur:
Glucagon is used to rapidly increase blood glucose levels in cases of severe hypoglycemia when the person is unable to eat or drink. It is administered in emergency situations where the individual is unconscious or unable to consume oral glucose.

B. Before meals to prevent hyperglycemia:
Glucagon is not used to prevent hyperglycemia or as a routine preventive measure. It is specifically for emergency treatment of severe hypoglycemia.

C. When unable to eat during sick days:
While glucagon can be used if the person is unable to eat due to severe hypoglycemia, it is not typically used as a preventative measure for situations where the client is simply unable to eat. Regular monitoring and management of blood glucose levels are necessary during illness.

D. At the onset of signs of diabetic ketoacidosis:
Glucagon is not used to treat diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is managed with insulin, fluids, and electrolytes, not glucagon.

A. Hemoglobin level of 13.5 g/dL (135 g/L). B. Serum ammonia level of 30 μg/dL (17.62 μmol/dL). C. Serum potassium level of 3.8 mEq/L (3.8 mmol/L). D. Serum glucose level of 120 mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L).

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Hemoglobin level of 13.5 g/dL (135 g/L):
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is used to manage hyperkalemia, not to affect hemoglobin levels. While a hemoglobin level of 13.5 g/dL is within the normal range, it does not indicate the effectiveness of sodium polystyrene sulfonate.

B. Serum ammonia level of 30 μg/dL (17.62 μmol/dL):
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is not used to manage ammonia levels; it is used to lower elevated potassium levels. Thus, a serum ammonia level of 30 μg/dL does not reflect the effectiveness of the medication.

C. Serum potassium level of 3.8 mEq/L (3.8 mmol/L):
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is specifically used to treat hyperkalemia (high potassium levels). A serum potassium level of 3.8 mEq/L is within the normal range, indicating that the medication has effectively reduced elevated potassium levels.

D. Serum glucose level of 120 mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L):
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate does not affect glucose levels. A glucose level of 120 mg/dL is slightly elevated but unrelated to the effectiveness of the potassium-lowering medication.

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A male client receives a scopolamine transdermal patch 2 hours before surgery. Four hours after surgery, the client tells the nurse that he is experiencing pain and asks why the patch is not working. Which action should the nurse take?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A glucagon emergency kit is prescribed for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus. When should the nurse instruct the client and family that glucagon needs to be administered?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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