A fourteen-year-old girl has returned to the nursing unit after undergoing an appendectomy. To help relieve pain and facilitate drainage, the nurse should place her in what position?
Semi-Fowler's
Supine
Prone
Trendelenburg
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: This is correct because the semi-Fowler's position, which is a 30 to 45 degree angle of the head of the bed, allows for optimal drainage of the surgical site and reduces the pressure on the incision. It also helps the girl breathe easier and prevents aspiration.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect because the supine position, which is lying flat on the back, can increase the pain and discomfort of the girl after the appendectomy. It can also impair the drainage of the surgical site and increase the risk of infection.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because the prone position, which is lying on the stomach, can cause more pain and pressure on the incision site. It can also interfere with the drainage of the surgical site and increase the risk of infection.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect because the Trendelenburg position, which is a head-down tilt of the bed, can increase the intra-abdominal pressure and cause more pain and discomfort for the girl. It can also impair the venous return and cause hypotension.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","D"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Starting bolus feedings to stretch the stomach is not recommended for a child with Nissen fundoplication as it can cause increased pressure on the surgical site and lead to complications such as bleeding, perforation, or slippage of the wrap.
Choice B reason: Venting gastrostomy tube is a correct answer as it allows for the release of gas and fluids from the stomach and prevents gastric distension and discomfort. A gastrostomy tube is often placed during Nissen fundoplication to facilitate feeding and venting.
Choice C reason: Keeping child flat in bed to increase absorption of food is not advised for a child with Nissen fundoplication as it can increase the risk of aspiration and pneumonia. The child should be positioned at a 30-degree angle or higher after feeding to prevent reflux.
Choice D reason: Observing for abdominal distension, flushing and hypotension which may indicate dumping syndrome is a correct answer as it is a potential complication of Nissen fundoplication. Dumping syndrome occurs when food moves too quickly from the stomach to the small intestine, causing symptoms such as abdominal cramps, nausea, diarrhea, sweating, and dizziness.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This statement is incorrect, as 5% is too high for the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV with ART. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the risk of transmission can be reduced to less than 5% with effective interventions, such as ART, safe delivery practices, and appropriate infant feeding¹.
Choice B reason: This statement is incorrect, as 20% is too high for the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV with ART. According to the WHO, the risk of transmission can be reduced to less than 5% with effective interventions, such as ART, safe delivery practices, and appropriate infant feeding¹.
Choice C reason: This statement is incorrect, as 15% is too high for the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV with ART. According to the WHO, the risk of transmission can be reduced to less than 5% with effective interventions, such as ART, safe delivery practices, and appropriate infant feeding¹.
Choice D reason: This statement is correct, as 1% is the approximate risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV with ART. According to HIV.gov, if a woman with HIV takes HIV medicine as prescribed throughout her pregnancy and childbirth and gives HIV medicine to her baby for 2-6 weeks after giving birth, the risk of transmitting HIV to the baby can be less than 1%.
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