A female patient presents with complaints of irregular periods, weakness, emotional changes, and easy bruising. The patient has previously been diagnosed with asthma. Upon physical examination, the patient has a "moon-shaped face and a noticeable hump on her upper back. Further, there are purple striae on both arms. Blood work reveals elevated concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Which condition is this patient showing signs and symptoms of?
Cushing syndrome
Addison disease.
Graves’ disease
Hashimoto thyroiditis
The Correct Answer is A
Cushing syndrome is a condition that occurs when the body is exposed to high levels of cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. Cortisol helps regulate metabolism, blood pressure, immune function, and stress response.
However, excess cortisol can cause various problems, such as weight gain, moon face (round and puffy face), buffalo hump (fat accumulation on the upper back), purple striae (stretch marks), irregular periods, weakness, emotional changes, and easy bruising. One of the causes of Cushing syndrome is the overproduction of ACTH by the pituitary gland, which stimulates the adrenal glands to produce more cortisol.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Oliguria is a condition where the urine output is less than normal, usually less than 500 mL per day in adults. Oliguria can be a sign of dehydration, which occurs when the body loses more water than it takes in. Dehydration can cause various symptoms such as thirst, dry mouth, headache, dizziness, fatigue, and confusion.
Dehydration can also affect kidney function and lead to electrolyte imbalances and acid-base disorders.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection of the female reproductive organs, such as the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. It is usually caused by sexually transmitted bacteria that ascend from the vagina or cervix to the upper genital tract. PID can cause fever, foul-smelling vaginal discharge, and sudden pelvic pain that may worsen during sexual intercourse or menstruation. PID can also lead to infertility, ectopic pregnancy, or chronic pelvic pain if left untreated.
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