A disproportionate thickening of the interventricular septum is the hallmark of which form of cardiomyopathy?

Dilated

Dystrophic

Hypertrophic

Restrictive

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Dilated: Dilated cardiomyopathy is characterized by an enlarged heart with decreased contractility and thinning of the ventricular walls. It does not involve disproportionate thickening of the interventricular septum.

B. Dystrophic: Dystrophic cardiomyopathy refers to muscle degeneration due to underlying muscular dystrophies. It does not specifically describe the thickening of the interventricular septum and is not a primary classification of cardiomyopathy.

C. Hypertrophic: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is marked by a disproportionate thickening of the interventricular septum, leading to impaired diastolic filling and potential obstruction of blood flow out of the left ventricle. This characteristic thickening is a hallmark of this condition.

D. Restrictive: Restrictive cardiomyopathy involves stiffening of the heart muscle, which impairs filling during diastole but does not specifically feature disproportionate thickening of the interventricular septum. Instead, it may present with normal or slightly thickened walls but with decreased compliance.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Prolonged PR interval: A prolonged PR interval is typically indicative of first-degree atrioventricular (AV) block and does not specifically relate to the presence of myocardial infarction (MI) that extends through the myocardium.

B. ST depression: ST depression can indicate subendocardial ischemia, but it is not a definitive change associated with a full-thickness myocardial infarction. It is more commonly seen during stress testing or in cases of angina rather than a transmural infarction.

C. ST elevation: ST elevation is a characteristic finding in cases of transmural myocardial infarction (MI), indicating that the injury extends through the myocardium from the endocardium to the epicardium. This elevation occurs due to the acute injury to the myocardial cells, leading to changes in the electrical activity as reflected on the ECG.

D. Prolonged QT interval: A prolonged QT interval is associated with an increased risk of arrhythmias but does not specifically indicate a myocardial infarction that penetrates through the myocardium. It is generally not directly related to the ischemic process of an MI.

A. Cardiac failure B. Coronary artery disease (CAD) C. Congenital malformation D. Rheumatic fever

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Cardiac failure: While cardiac failure can lead to changes in heart function, it does not directly cause an acquired murmur. Murmurs are typically due to valvular or structural abnormalities rather than being a direct consequence of heart failure.

B. Coronary artery disease (CAD): CAD can lead to ischemic heart disease and may contribute to heart failure but is not typically associated with the development of an acquired murmur. It does not directly create new murmurs; rather, it can exacerbate existing heart conditions.

C. Congenital malformation: Congenital malformations are structural heart defects present at birth and are classified as congenital causes of murmurs rather than acquired. These murmurs result from anatomical abnormalities rather than changes occurring after birth.

D. Rheumatic fever: Rheumatic fever is an acquired condition that can cause damage to the heart valves, leading to the development of valvular insufficiency or stenosis. These changes can produce an acquired murmur as a result of the inflammation and scarring of the heart valves following the infection.

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A disproportionate thickening of the interventricular septum is the hallmark of which form of cardiomyopathy?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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