A community hit by a hurricane has suffered mass destruction and flooding. Sewage facilities are non-functioning, and water is contaminated in the area. The practical nurse (PN) is assisting with the plan of care for clients diagnosed with cholera after an outbreak. Which intervention has the highest priority?

Isolate all infectious diarrhea victims.

Administer prophylactic antibiotics as prescribed.

Administer cholera vaccines.

Provide fluid and electrolyte replacement.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

The correct answer is choice D: Provide fluid and electrolyte replacement. Choice A rationale:

Isolating all infectious diarrhea victims is not the highest priority in this situation. While it is essential to prevent the spread of cholera, immediate medical intervention to treat those affected takes precedence.

Choice B rationale:

Administering prophylactic antibiotics as prescribed is not the highest priority because it focuses on prevention rather than treatment. In the case of a cholera outbreak, it is more critical to address the immediate needs of those already diagnosed.

Choice C rationale:

Administering cholera vaccines may be part of a preventive strategy, but it is not the highest priority during an active cholera outbreak. Vaccination takes time to develop immunity, and the focus should be on treating those already affected.

Choice D rationale:

Providing fluid and electrolyte replacement is the highest priority in managing cholera. Cholera is characterized by severe diarrhea and dehydration, which can lead to life-threatening complications. Promptly restoring fluids and electrolytes helps prevent shock and organ failure.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

This is the first action that the PN should take because the catheter size and balloon volume are inappropriate for the client. A #18 urinary catheter is too large for a female client who weighs 50 kg, and a 30 mL balloon may cause bladder trauma or discomfort. The PN should consult with the charge nurse and obtain a smaller catheter (such as #14 or #16) with a 10 mL balloon.

A. Obtaining a 30 mL syringe and a vial of sterile water is not the first action because it does not address the issue of the catheter size and balloon volume.

B. Asking the client if she has previously been catheterized is not the first action because it does not address the issue of the catheter size and balloon volume.

D. Positioning the client and observing the urinary meatus is not the first action because it does not address the issue of the catheter size and balloon volume.

A. Glaucoma. B. Hepatitis. C. Diabetes. D. Hypertension.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

This is the greatest health risk for this client because he is likely to inject cocaine and heroin intravenously and share needles with other drug users, which can transmit blood-borne infections such as hepatitis B or C. Hepatitis can cause liver inﬂammation, cirrhosis, or cancer and may be fatal if untreated.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The charge nurse brings a #18 urinary catheter with a 30 mL balloon to the practical nurse (PN) who is preparing to insert a catheter in a female client who weighs 50 kg. Which action should the PN take first?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A male client atends a community support program for mentally impaired and chemical abusing clients. The client tells the practical nurse (PN) that his drugs of choice are cocaine and heroin. What is the greatest health risk for this client?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A 70-year-old male client who is convalescing from a hip replacement is identified as being at risk for developing a pressure ulcer. Which physical characteristic of aging contributes most to this risk factor?

A client is being treated for hepatic failure. On examination, the client has an elevated pulse rate and exhibited changes in mental status. Which intervention in the plan of care should the practical nurse (PN) implement?

A male client tells the practical nurse (PN) that the pill he has been taking at home is a different color and size than the one the PN is trying to give him now. How should the PN respond?

Which intervention is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to implement for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN)?

When monitoring a client's abdominal incision, the practical nurse (PN) observes a large amount of sanguineous drainage on the dressing. Which client data collection should the PN complete first?

The practical nurse (PN) believes that a prescription for a child is incorrect because the dosage prescribed is the usual adult dosage. Which action should the PN take?

The practical nurse (PN) is making a home visit to an older male adult who was recently diagnosed with Herpes zoster (shingles). The client reports the onset of severe burning pain along the right side of his trunk. What action should the PN take?