A community health nurse is assessing a group of clients for risk factors for hepatitis A infection. Which of the following findings place a client an increased risk?
Receives hemodialysis for chronic kidney disease
Cares for infants at a day care center
Immigrated to the US, as a young adolescent
Reports prior IV drug use as an adolescent
The Correct Answer is B
A. Receives hemodialysis for chronic kidney disease: Hemodialysis increases the risk for hepatitis B and C due to potential exposure to contaminated blood or equipment, but it is not a primary risk factor for hepatitis A, which is spread via the fecal-oral route.
B. Cares for infants at a day care center: Day care workers are at increased risk for hepatitis A due to frequent exposure to fecal matter, especially when caring for diapered children who may be asymptomatic carriers of the virus.
C. Immigrated to the US, as a young adolescent: While certain countries have higher rates of hepatitis A, immigration alone does not inherently increase risk unless the person was exposed to poor sanitation or contaminated food or water before moving.
D. Reports prior IV drug use as an adolescent: IV drug use is a well-known risk factor for hepatitis B and C due to bloodborne transmission, but it is less commonly associated with hepatitis A, which is transmitted through ingestion of contaminated food or water.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "You should pull on the cord when unplugging items." Pulling on the cord can damage the cord or outlet, increasing the risk of electrical shock or fire. The correct practice is to pull from the plug itself, not the cord, to safely disconnect electrical devices.
B. "You should limit your use of extension cords." Limiting the use of extension cords reduces the risk of overloading circuits and electrical fires. Extension cords are intended for temporary use, and excessive or improper use can pose serious hazards.
C. "You should cover electrical cords with an area rug" Covering cords with rugs can cause them to overheat, wear out, or become damaged, creating a fire hazard. Cords should be placed safely where they are not pinched or hidden under rugs.
D. "You should secure extension cords with clear packing tape" Taping cords to the floor is unsafe as it can damage the insulation and increase the risk of tripping or electrical faults. Proper cord management involves using clips or cord covers designed for safety.
Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Use a family member as an interpreter when discussing services: Using a family member as an interpreter can lead to miscommunication, privacy issues, and misinterpretation of medical information. Professional interpreters should always be used to ensure accurate and confidential communication.
B. Explain that the client must use the available resources: Forcing a client to use services without considering their cultural values and personal preferences is not culturally competent care. This approach can alienate the client and reduce trust in the healthcare system.
C. Learn more about the client's values: Understanding the client’s cultural values helps the nurse tailor interventions and communication in a way that respects the client’s worldview and fosters trust in the nurse-client relationship.
D. Support the client as the owner of their own healthcare: Empowering the client promotes autonomy and respects their cultural beliefs, leading to more personalized and respectful care, which is key in culturally competent practice.
E. Review the client’s current health practices: Learning about the client’s existing health behaviors helps the nurse understand how cultural beliefs influence health decisions and how to integrate care without disrupting practices important to the client.
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