A client with pneumonia receiving antibiotic therapy reports white, cheesy patches in the mouth. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Allow the client to verbalize feelings about having the white patches.
Explain the patches will go away on their own in about 2 weeks.
Instruct to rinse the mouth with diluted hydrogen peroxide and water daily.
Notify the health care provider to obtain an antifungal medication.
The Correct Answer is D
A. While it's important for clients to express their feelings and concerns, this intervention does not directly address the issue of the white patches or the potential infection. It may provide emotional support, but it does not contribute to resolving the clinical problem.
B. While some mild cases may resolve on their own, oral thrush often requires antifungal treatment, especially in immunocompromised patients or those on prolonged antibiotic therapy. Telling the patient that it will go away without treatment could lead to worsening symptoms and complications.
C. While oral hygiene is important, rinsing with diluted hydrogen peroxide is not the standard treatment for oral thrush. This method could cause irritation and may not effectively eliminate the fungal infection. Other rinses (like saline) might be more appropriate for general oral care but would not address the underlying candidiasis.
D. White, cheesy patches in the mouth suggest oral thrush, which is commonly treated with antifungal medications (such as fluconazole or nystatin).
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. In roseola (also known as exanthem subitum or sixth disease), a child typically develops a rash that is characterized by small, rose-colored spots (maculopapular rash) after the fever resolves. However, it is not primarily described as a "red papular rash" at the onset, which can lead to some confusion.
B. Koplik spots are small, white lesions that appear inside the mouth and are characteristic of measles, not roseola. They do not occur in roseola.
C. A severe cough is not a symptom of roseola. While respiratory symptoms can be present in many viral infections, roseola is primarily characterized by a high fever followed by a rash, with minimal respiratory involvement.
D. Inflammation of the parotid gland is associated with mumps, not roseola. Roseola does not typically involve swelling of the salivary glands.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Cholecystitis, which is inflammation of the gallbladder, is not directly associated with diabetes mellitus. While people with diabetes may have other gastrointestinal issues, cholecystitis is not considered a long-term complication of diabetes.
B. Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas and is not a common long-term complication of diabetes. While chronic pancreatitis can lead to diabetes (type 3c diabetes), it is not primarily caused by diabetes itself. Thus, it is not considered a typical long-term complication of diabetes mellitus.
C. Presbyopia is the age-related loss of near vision due to the hardening of the lens in the eye. While individuals with diabetes can experience eye problems, presbyopia is a normal part of aging and not specifically a long-term complication of diabetes.
D. Diabetic neuropathy is a well-known long-term complication of diabetes mellitus. It results from nerve damage caused by prolonged high blood sugar levels. Neuropathy can lead to various symptoms, including pain, tingling, and loss of sensation, particularly in the extremities.
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