A client with open-angle glaucoma is using pilocarpine ophthalmic solution, a miotic agent. Which action should the nurse at the eye clinic include in evaluating the effectiveness of the medication?

Use Snellen chart to assess visual acuity.

Check amount of drainage from each eye.

Palpate eyelids for decreased swelling.

Review eye pressure measurements.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Using a Snellen chart to assess visual acuity is not a direct measure of the effectiveness of pilocarpine, which is used to lower intraocular pressure by constricting the pupil and increasing aqueous humor outflow. Visual acuity may be affected by other factors, such as refractive errors, cataracts, or macular degeneration.

Choice B reason: Checking the amount of drainage from each eye is not a relevant action for evaluating the effectiveness of pilocarpine, which does not affect tear production or drainage. Excessive or abnormal eye drainage may indicate an infection, allergy, or injury.

Choice C reason: Palpating the eyelids for decreased swelling is not a useful action for evaluating the effectiveness of pilocarpine, which does not cause or reduce eyelid swelling. Eyelid swelling may be caused by inflammation, infection, allergy, or trauma.

Choice D reason: Reviewing eye pressure measurements is the correct action for evaluating the effectiveness of pilocarpine, which is used to lower intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma. High intraocular pressure can damage the optic nerve and cause vision loss. Pilocarpine reduces intraocular pressure by constricting the pupil and increasing aqueous humor outflow.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Midmorning is not a likely time for experiencing hypoglycemia after administering glargine insulin at 0800, because glargine insulin has a slow onset of action (about 1 hour) and does not have a pronounced peak effect. Glargine insulin is a long-acting insulin that provides a steady level of insulin throughout the day and night.

Choice B reason: No peak occurs is the correct answer for when hypoglycemia is most likely to occur after administering glargine insulin at 0800, because glargine insulin does not have a pronounced peak effect that could cause a sudden drop in blood glucose levels. Glargine insulin is a long-acting insulin that provides a steady level of insulin throughout the day and night.

Choice C reason: Midafternoon is not a likely time for experiencing hypoglycemia after administering glargine insulin at 0800, because glargine insulin has a long duration of action (about 24 hours) and does not have a pronounced peak effect. Glargine insulin is a long-acting insulin that provides a steady level of insulin throughout the day and night.

Choice D reason: Shortly after midnight is not a likely time for experiencing hypoglycemia after administering glargine insulin at 0800, because glargine insulin has a long duration of action (about 24 hours) and does not have a pronounced peak effect. Glargine insulin is a long-acting insulin that provides a steady level of insulin throughout the day and night.

A. Promotes stomach emptying and prevents gastric reflux. B. Buffers hydrochloric acid and prevents gastric erosion. C. Prevents indigestion associated with ingestion of spicy foods. D. Binds with phosphorus in foods and prevents absorption.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Promoting stomach emptying and preventing gastric reflux is not a relevant action of sevelamer, which is a phosphate binder that lowers serum phosphate levels in patients with CKD. Gastric reflux may be caused by other factors, such as hiatal hernia, obesity, or spicy foods.

Choice B reason: Buffering hydrochloric acid and preventing gastric erosion is not a pertinent action of sevelamer, which does not affect gastric acidity or mucosal integrity. Gastric erosion may be caused by other factors, such as NSAIDs, alcohol, or Helicobacter pylori infection.

Choice C reason: Preventing indigestion associated with ingestion of spicy foods is not a significant action of sevelamer, which does not affect digestion or food tolerance. Indigestion may be caused by other factors, such as overeating, stress, or gallstones.

Choice D reason: Binding with phosphorus in foods and preventing absorption is the correct action of sevelamer, which should be taken with meals to reduce the amount of phosphorus that enters the bloodstream from the diet. High serum phosphate levels can cause bone loss, calcification of soft tissues, and secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with CKD.

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A client with open-angle glaucoma is using pilocarpine ophthalmic solution, a miotic agent. Which action should the nurse at the eye clinic include in evaluating the effectiveness of the medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) about the onset, peak, and duration of a new prescription for glargine insulin. If the insulin is administered at 0800, when is the client most likely to experience hypoglycemia?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is administering sevelamer during lunch to a client with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The client asks the nurse to bring the medication later. The nurse should describe which action of sevelamer as an explanation for taking it with meals?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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