A client who is unconscious and has extensive internal injuries arrives via ambulance to the emergency unit. Which of the following permits the staff to proceed with emergency surgery?

A. A nurse withholds nutrition from a client who has a do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order:

Withholding nutrition from a client solely based on a DNR order may not align with ethical practice, as nutrition should be provided unless there are specific contraindications or the client has expressed wishes to withhold nutrition.
B. A nurse administers prescribed opioids to a client who has a terminal illness and respiratory rate of 8/min: This is the correct answer. Ethical practice involves providing comfort measures, including appropriate pain management, to clients who are terminally ill and experiencing pain or distress, even if it may inadvertently decrease the respiratory rate.
C. A nurse elects not to care for a client who had an abortion: Refusing to care for a client based on personal beliefs or judgments about their medical history or decisions may not align with
ethical practice, as nurses have a professional obligation to provide nonjudgmental care to all clients.
D. A nurse raises all four side rails on the bed of a client who is confused: While ensuring client safety is important, raising all four side rails without considering the client's individual needs and preferences may not be ethical practice, as it may infringe on the client's autonomy and dignity.

A. Surgical record: While the surgical record may provide information about the procedure and immediate postoperative care, it may not specifically address the criteria or timing for removal of urinary catheters.
B. Provider's prescription: The provider's prescription may indicate the initial insertion of the urinary catheter but may not provide guidance on when it should be removed based on clinical indicators or best practices.
C. Critical pathway: This is the correct answer. A critical pathway, also known as a clinical pathway or care pathway, is a multidisciplinary tool that outlines evidence-based guidelines and timelines for the management of specific patient populations or conditions. Developing a
standard for removal of urinary catheters following colon resection would involve using a critical pathway to establish best practices and optimize patient outcomes.
D. Maslow's hierarchy of needs: Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a framework for understanding human motivation and behavior, particularly related to meeting physiological and psychological needs. While it may inform nursing care in general, it is not a specific resource for developing clinical standards for urinary catheter removal.