A client who is taking sildenafil 50 mg by mouth (PO) as needed (PRN), reports experiencing visual changes to the practical nurse (PN). Which instruction should the PN give to the client?

Report the symptoms to the healthcare provider immediately.

Instill prescribed eye drops now and then three times a day.

Encourage wearing dark glasses when outside to protect the eyes.

Monitor for visual changes each morning using an Amsler grid tool.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

Sildenafil, commonly known as Viagra, is a medication used to treat erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension. One of the side effects of sildenafil is visual changes. These changes can be temporary or long-lasting, and can potentially be a sign of a serious condition known as non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), which can lead to permanent vision loss. Therefore, it is crucial for the client to report these symptoms to the healthcare provider immediately for further evaluation and management.

Choice B rationale

While eye drops can be used to treat various eye conditions, they are not typically used to address visual changes caused by sildenafil. Therefore, instilling prescribed eye drops would not be the appropriate response in this situation.

Choice C rationale

Wearing dark glasses when outside can help protect the eyes from sun damage, but it would not address the underlying issue of visual changes caused by sildenafil. Therefore, this would not be the appropriate instruction for the practical nurse to give to the client.

Choice D rationale

The Amsler grid tool is used to detect vision problems resulting from damage to the macula (the central part of the retina) or the optic nerve. However, this tool would not be useful in this context as the visual changes are a side effect of sildenafil. Therefore, monitoring for visual changes each morning using an Amsler grid tool would not be the appropriate instruction for the practical nurse to give to the client.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Minoxidil is an antihypertensive vasodilating agent used for resistant hypertension. It reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in blood pressure. One of the side effects of minoxidil can be mouth dryness. Therefore, mouth dryness can indicate that the minoxidil is having its intended therapeutic effect.

Choice B rationale

Dizziness while sitting up is not a therapeutic result of minoxidil. It could be a side effect or a symptom of orthostatic hypotension, which is a form of low blood pressure.

Choice C rationale

Blood glucose level of 218 mg/dl is not related to the therapeutic effect of minoxidil. Minoxidil is not used to control blood glucose levels. It’s used primarily to treat high blood pressure.

Choice D rationale

Pain rated at 1/10 is not a direct therapeutic result of minoxidil. Minoxidil is not an analgesic medication and does not directly affect pain levels.

A. Wear protective clothing when in direct sunlight. B. Suck on hard candy to increase oral secretions. C. Drink 8 ounces (240 mL) of mineral water with each dose. D. Lay supine for 30 minutes after taking the medication. E. None F. None

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is choice C.

Choice A rationale:

Wearing protective clothing when in direct sunlight is not specifically related to taking alendronate. This advice is more relevant for medications that increase photosensitivity, which is not a known side effect of alendronate.

Choice B rationale:

Sucking on hard candy to increase oral secretions is not necessary for patients taking alendronate. This advice is typically given to patients experiencing dry mouth, which is not a common side effect of alendronate.

Choice C rationale:

Drinking 8 ounces (240 mL) of water with each dose of alendronate is crucial. This helps ensure the medication reaches the stomach quickly and reduces the risk of esophageal irritation or ulcers.

Choice D rationale:

Laying supine for 30 minutes after taking alendronate is incorrect. Patients should remain upright (sitting or standing) for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication to prevent esophageal irritation and ensure the medication reaches the stomach properly.

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A client who is taking sildenafil 50 mg by mouth (PO) as needed (PRN), reports experiencing visual changes to the practical nurse (PN). Which instruction should the PN give to the client?

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

A patient with Paget’s disease has been prescribed alendronate. What information should the practical nurse (PN) emphasize to the patient?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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