A client presents to the emergency department complaining of several days of nausea and vomiting with weakness and dizziness. The client's vital signs are: Pulse 110, BP 88/56, RR 24, SpO2 95% on room air, temperature of 100.2. The client's lung sounds are clear bilaterally. Which of the following IV fluids would the nurse expect to administer?

Dextrose in water

6.45% Sodium Chloride

10% Dextrose in water

0.9% Sodium Chloride

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Dextrose in water is typically used for hydration and to provide some calories. However, this client is presenting with hypotension (BP 88/56), tachycardia (Pulse 110), and weakness, likely due to fluid loss from vomiting. This client needs fluid resuscitation with a solution that will help restore circulating volume, and Dextrose in water does not contain sodium, which is necessary for fluid balance in this case.
B. 6.45% Sodium Chloride is a hypertonic saline solution, which would increase the osmolarity of the blood and pull fluid into the bloodstream. This would not be the first choice for this patient, as it could exacerbate dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
C. 10% Dextrose in water is also a hypertonic solution that would provide energy but would not adequately address the client's fluid volume deficit or hypotension.
D. 0.9% Sodium Chloride is normal saline, which is an isotonic solution and is the most appropriate choice for fluid resuscitation in this client. It will help restore circulating blood volume, stabilize blood pressure, and provide the necessary hydration to address the client's symptoms of dehydration.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Ascending muscle weakness is more characteristic of hypokalemia (low potassium levels) rather than hypernatremia.
B. Muscle tetany and hyperreflexia are typically seen in hypocalcemia (low calcium levels) or hypomagnesemia (low magnesium levels), not hypernatremia.
C. Hypernatremia (high sodium levels) commonly causes dehydration, which results in poor skin turgor and dry mucous membranes. This is a key clinical sign of hypernatremia.
D. Bradycardia and hypotension are more commonly associated with hypovolemia (low blood volume) or hypotension, but they are not specific to hypernatremia.

A. Upper UTI B. Lower UTI C. Urosepsis D. Uncomplicated UTI

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Upper UTI refers to infections that affect the kidneys (pyelonephritis) and ureters. These infections are typically more serious and can lead to kidney damage if not treated promptly.
B. Lower UTI refers to infections that affect the bladder (cystitis) or urethra (urethritis), which are generally less severe than upper UTIs.
C. Urosepsis is a severe, systemic infection that results from a UTI that has spread to the bloodstream. It can occur with either upper or lower UTIs.
D. Uncomplicated UTI refers to a straightforward infection of the urinary tract, typically involving the bladder, in an otherwise healthy individual. It is not specifically related to the kidneys or ureters.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which assessment finding is most indicative of hypernatremia?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which classification of urinary tract infection (UTI) is described as infection of the kidneys and ureters?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who had IV fluids initiated at 0330. The IV fluids are infusing at 120 mL/hr. The nurse should record how many mL of IV fluids on the intake record at 0600?

A nurse is preparing to administer 40 mEq of potassium chloride in 45% sodium chloride (NaCl) 500 mL IV to infuse 10 mEq/hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

The nurse is caring for a client with a blood glucose reading of 620 mg/dL. The nurse would expect all of the following interventions except which?

A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who takes furosemide for hypertension. The nurse notes that the client's potassium level is 3.3 mEq/L. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following complications?

Which of the following interventions should the nurse include when caring for a client who is returning from surgery for an above-the-knee amputation?

Which of the following signs and symptoms from a client who came to the clinic for an exacerbation of Crohn's Disease is the most concerning?