A client calls the clinic and tells the nurse that he was bitten by a tick and is afraid he has Lyme disease. How long does the nurse understand that the tick must be attached to Lyme disease?

Autonomic dysreflexia is a medical emergency characterized by a sudden onset of excessively high blood pressure, sweating, and headache. It is caused by an overactivity of the autonomic nervous system in response to a noxious stimulus below the level of a spinal cord injury.

Choice B is incorrect because the central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord, while autonomic dysreflexia is caused by a spinal cord injury.

Choice C is incorrect because the sympathetic nervous system is part of the autonomic nervous system and is involved in the response to autonomic dysreflexia.

Choice D is incorrect because the peripheral nervous system includes the nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body.

Level of consciousness is improving. The effectiveness of mannitol treatment for a client with increased intracranial pressure can be assessed through the improvement of the level of consciousness. Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that reduces cerebral edema and intracranial pressure. It works by increasing the osmotic pressure in the bloodstream, which draws fluid out of the brain and into the bloodstream. The reduction of intracranial pressure helps improve cerebral perfusion and blood flow. Therefore, improving the client's level of consciousness is the most important assessment finding to determine the effectiveness of mannitol treatment.

B is not the correct answer because a rise in blood pressure is not an indicator of the effectiveness of mannitol treatment.

C is not the correct answer because increased urine output is a side effect of mannitol treatment and does not necessarily indicate effectiveness.

D is not the correct answer because hyperpyrexia is not a symptom that is treated with mannitol.