A 55-year-old patient is diagnosed with Meniere’s disease. Which of the following symptoms is most characteristic of this condition?
Shortness of breath.
Chest pain.
Fever.
Vertigo.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A Reason:
Shortness of breath is not typically associated with Meniere’s disease. This condition primarily affects the inner ear, leading to symptoms related to balance and hearing. Shortness of breath is more commonly linked to respiratory or cardiovascular issues.
Choice B Reason:
Chest pain is not a characteristic symptom of Meniere’s disease. Chest pain is usually related to cardiac or musculoskeletal problems. Meniere’s disease affects the inner ear and does not typically cause chest pain.
Choice C Reason:
Fever is not a common symptom of Meniere’s disease. Fever is generally associated with infections or inflammatory conditions. Meniere’s disease involves the buildup of fluid in the inner ear, leading to vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss, but not fever.
Choice D Reason:
Vertigo is the most characteristic symptom of Meniere’s disease. Vertigo involves a spinning sensation that can be severe and debilitating. It is caused by the abnormal fluid buildup in the inner ear, which disrupts the balance and hearing functions. This symptom is a hallmark of Meniere’s disease and is often accompanied by tinnitus and hearing loss.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Administering an alpha-adrenergic blocker is the highest priority intervention for a patient with pheochromocytoma and severe hypertension. Pheochromocytoma causes excessive secretion of catecholamines, leading to severe hypertension. Alpha-adrenergic blockers help to control blood pressure by blocking the effects of these catecholamines, thereby reducing vasoconstriction and lowering blood pressure. This intervention is crucial to prevent hypertensive crises and associated complications such as stroke or myocardial infarction.
Choice B Reason:
Administering intravenous fluids to maintain hydration is important but not the highest priority. While maintaining hydration is essential, it does not directly address the severe hypertension caused by pheochromocytoma. Intravenous fluids can help support overall patient stability but do not specifically target the underlying cause of the hypertension.
Choice C Reason:
Monitoring blood glucose levels every 4 hours is a necessary intervention, especially since pheochromocytoma can cause hyperglycemia due to increased catecholamine levels. However, this intervention is not the highest priority compared to controlling the severe hypertension, which poses a more immediate threat to the patient’s health.
Choice D Reason:
Preparing the patient for immediate surgery to remove the tumor is a critical step in the long-term management of pheochromocytoma. However, surgery is not typically performed until the patient’s blood pressure is stabilized with medications such as alpha-adrenergic blockers. Therefore, while surgery is essential, it is not the immediate priority in the acute management of severe hypertension.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Tilting the head to the side and pulling the earlobe up and back is the recommended method for adults to straighten the ear canal, allowing the drops to flow directly into the ear canal and reach the site of infection effectively. This method ensures that the medication is properly administered and can work effectively to treat the infection.
Choice B Reason:
Laying flat on your back and placing the drops on a cotton ball before inserting it into the ear canal is not a recommended method for administering ear drops. This method can prevent the medication from reaching the ear canal properly and may not be as effective in treating the infection. Additionally, using a cotton ball can absorb the medication, reducing its effectiveness.
Choice C Reason:
Tilting the head to the side and pulling the earlobe down and back is the correct method for administering ear drops to children under three years old. For adults, this method is not recommended as it does not straighten the ear canal properly, which can prevent the medication from reaching the site of infection effectively.
Choice D Reason:
Tilting the head forward and pulling the earlobe up and forward is not a recommended method for administering ear drops. This method does not properly straighten the ear canal and can prevent the medication from reaching the site of infection. It is important to follow the correct technique to ensure the medication is effective.
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