A 3-year-old is diagnosed with spastic cerebral palsy. What information should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?

"Activities will be modified to match the child's developmental age, not chronological age."

"Long-term corticosteroids will relieve exacerbations of this disorder."

"This disease causes progressive skeletal muscle degeneration."

"Prenatal screening is indicated for future pregnancies to predict similar risks."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Activities should be tailored to the child’s developmental level, as children with spastic cerebral palsy may have delays in reaching developmental milestones.

B. Corticosteroids are not typically used for cerebral palsy, as it is a non-progressive condition affecting motor function, not an inflammatory condition.

C. Cerebral palsy is non-progressive, meaning it does not worsen over time, though the muscle tightness (spasticity) may change as the child grows.

D. While prenatal screening can detect certain risk factors, it cannot predict the occurrence of cerebral palsy with certainty.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Polyuria is not commonly associated with heart failure in infants; they are more likely to have oliguria or reduced urine output.

B. Difficulty feeding is a common sign of heart failure in infants because the increased work of breathing and poor cardiac output make it hard for them to feed effectively.

C. Bradycardia is not typically associated with heart failure; tachycardia is more common as the heart tries to compensate for decreased cardiac output.

D. Bradypnea is uncommon in heart failure; tachypnea is a more likely symptom due to fluid overload and poor oxygenation.

A. When hearing a loud noise, the infant cries and extends both arms and legs. B. When stroking the outer edge of the sole of the infant's foot, the toes fan upward and out. C. When infant's head is turned to one side, extension of the same side arm and leg occurs. D. When stroking the cheek, the infant turns toward that side of stimulation.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The Moro reflex, where the infant cries and extends both arms and legs in response to a loud noise, typically disappears by 4-6 months of age and would not be expected at 8 months.

B. The Babinski reflex, where the toes fan upward and out when the outer edge of the sole is stroked, is normal in infants and usually disappears by 12-24 months of age.

C. The tonic neck reflex (fencing reflex) typically disappears around 4-6 months of age, so it would not be expected in an 8-month-old.

D. The rooting reflex, where the infant turns their head toward the side of stimulation when the cheek is stroked, typically disappears by 3-4 months of age.

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A 3-year-old is diagnosed with spastic cerebral palsy. What information should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An infant is admitted to the pediatric unit with heart failure due to a congenital heart defect. What assessment finding would the nurse expect with this diagnosis?

Correct Answer is B

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During a routine assessment of an 8-month-old, the nurse is assessing primitive reflexes. Which finding should the nurse expect for an infant of this age?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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