A 15-year-old patient is to receive antihemophilic factor (Factor VIll) replacement therapy. He asks the nurse, "Why does this always happen to me? How come my sisters don't have hemophilia?”. The nurse's response should be based on the understanding that hemophilia is characteristic of which type of hereditary disorder?
X-linked dominant.
Autosomal recessive.
Autosomal dominant.
X-linked recessive.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale:
X-linked dominant disorders are characterized by a mutation on the X chromosome that results in the expression of the trait in both males and females. Hemophilia, however, is more commonly associated with males, which is not consistent with an X-linked dominant pattern.
Choice B rationale:
Autosomal recessive disorders require the inheritance of two mutated alleles, one from each parent, to express the trait. Hemophilia does not follow this pattern, as the patient's sisters do not have the condition despite having affected parents.
Choice C rationale:
Autosomal dominant disorders only require the inheritance of one mutated allele from an affected parent to express the trait. Hemophilia does not align with an autosomal dominant pattern, as the patient's sisters would likely be affected if it were.
Choice D rationale:
Hemophilia is a classic example of an X-linked recessive disorder. The gene responsible for producing clotting factor is located on the X chromosome, and males have only one X chromosome, making them more susceptible to the disorder. Females, with two X chromosomes, usually act as carriers unless both X chromosomes carry the mutation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
An increasing pulse rate suggests that the patient's condition is worsening. Tachycardia can indicate increased work of breathing and decreased oxygenation, which are concerning signs in laryngotracheobronchitis.
Choice B rationale:
Mouth breathing is a common response to airway obstruction, such as in laryngotracheobronchitis. While it indicates respiratory distress, it doesn't specifically suggest a worsening of the condition.
Choice C rationale:
An increase in nasal discharge might be seen with the common cold or other upper respiratory infections but is not a specific indicator of worsening laryngotracheobronchitis.
Choice D rationale:
A hoarse cry is a characteristic symptom of laryngotracheobronchitis due to inflammation of the airway. However, it is a common initial symptom and may not directly correlate with worsening of the condition.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Collaborating with the team to begin peritoneal dialysis is the priority nursing intervention for a 9-year-old child with assessment findings of low urine output, high creatinine, and elevated blood urea nitrogen. These indicators suggest acute kidney injury, and initiating peritoneal dialysis is crucial to remove waste products and excess fluids.
Choice B rationale:
Strictly monitoring intake and output is important, but the child's current lab values and condition indicate the need for more immediate intervention through dialysis.
Choice C rationale:
Ensuring a low-sodium, low-phosphorus, and low-protein diet is important for renal health, but it's not the priority over addressing the acute kidney injury.
Choice D rationale:
Monitoring blood pressure is relevant but does not address the acute kidney injury that requires immediate attention. Assessment Findings for Adolescent Client:
Choice A rationale:
Numbness and tingling feeling in her legs require immediate action. These symptoms could indicate nerve compression or compromised blood flow due to the rod placement and need prompt assessment to prevent complications.
Choice B rationale:
A fever of 100.4°F (38°C) after surgery is common and can be managed with appropriate interventions, but it's not the most urgent concern in this case.
Choice C rationale:
Pain at the incision site is expected after surgery and should be managed appropriately, but it's not an immediate priority over potential neurovascular issues.
Choice D rationale:
Sleeping with occasional snoring might be related to anesthesia or positioning but doesn't require immediate action compared to the potential complications indicated by numbness and tingling.
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