Which process involves the fusion of male and female gametes resulting in the formation of a zygote?

Diffusion.

During hemodialysis, waste products and excess fluids are removed from the blood by diffusion 1.

Diffusion is a separation process in which particles that are dissolved in a solution are relocated from an area of higher concentration in the blood to an area of lower concentration in the dialysate.

Choice A.

Active transport is incorrect because active transport is a process that uses energy to move molecules against a concentration gradient.

Choice B.

Osmosis is incorrect because osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration.

Choice D.

Facilitated diffusion is incorrect because facilitated diffusion is a process where molecules move down their concentration gradient with the help of carrier proteins.

Viruses use the host’s replication processes to produce progeny virus particles.

Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites, meaning that they require a host cell to replicate.

They hijack the host cell’s machinery to produce new virus particles.

Choice B is incorrect because viruses do not divide inside the host cell.

Instead, they use the host cell’s machinery to produce new virus particles.

Choice C is incorrect because viruses do not have their own replication processes and rely on the host cell for replication.

Choice D is incorrect because while some viruses may destroy the host cell during replication, this is not always the case and is not the primary relationship between viruses and their host cells during replication.

The correct answer is choice A.

The spleen is an organ in the human body that is responsible for the removal of damaged red blood cells and the production of certain types of white blood cells.

Choice B is incorrect because the kidneys are responsible for filtering waste from the blood and regulating electrolyte balance.

Choice C is incorrect because the pancreas produces hormones and enzymes that aid in digestion.

Choice D is incorrect because the thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate metabolism.

The correct answer is choice A. Hydrogen bonds.

Hydrogen bonds are responsible for the unique properties of water and play a crucial role in the structure of DNA and proteins.

Hydrogen bonds are weak electrostatic attractions between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to an electronegative atom and another electronegative atom.

Choice B.

Covalent bonds is incorrect because covalent bonds are strong chemical bonds formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms.

Choice C.

Ionic bonds is incorrect because ionic bonds are chemical bonds formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of ions.

Choice D.

Van der Waals forces is incorrect because Van der Waals forces are weak intermolecular forces that arise from temporary dipoles induced in atoms or molecules.

The correct answer is choice C. Estrogen.

Estrogen is a steroid hormone responsible for the development of female secondary sexual characteristics such as breast development, menstrual cycle, and widening of hips.

Choice A, Progesterone, is not the correct answer because it is required to maintain pregnancy and delivery.

Choice B, Testosterone, is not the correct answer because it is a hormone produced by the testes which controls the development of male secondary sexual characteristics.

Choice D, FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone), is not the correct answer because it stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles in females and regulates spermatogenesis in males.

Formation of carboxyhemoglobin.

Carbon monoxide binds to the hemoglobin to create a molecule called carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), which interferes with the body’s ability to transport and use oxygen, especially in the brain.

Choice A is incorrect because carbon monoxide poisoning occurs when carbon monoxide builds up in your bloodstream.

Choice C is incorrect because carbon monoxide poisoning does not increase the production of red blood cells.

Choice D is incorrect because decreased pulmonary function is not a potential complication of carbon monoxide poisoning.

Corpus luteum.

During the menstrual cycle, the corpus luteum in the ovary produces progesterone to prepare the endometrium for potential implantation.

Choice B is incorrect because fimbriae are finger-like projections at the end of the fallopian tubes that help guide the egg into the tube.

Choice C is incorrect because a follicle is a sac in the ovary that contains an immature egg.

Choice D is incorrect because the ovarian ligament is a fibrous band of tissue that connects the ovary to the uterus.

The correct answer is choice A. Thymus.

The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ located in the mediastinum.

It plays a key role in the maturation and differentiation of T-lymphocytes.

Choice B.

Parathyroid is incorrect because the parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands located in the neck that produce parathyroid hormone, which regulates calcium levels in the blood.

Choice C.

Adrenal is incorrect because the adrenal glands are endocrine glands located above the kidneys that produce hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline.

Choice D.

Pituitary is incorrect because the pituitary gland is an endocrine gland located at the base of the brain that produces hormones that regulate growth, metabolism, and reproductive functions.

The correct answer is choice D -Enhances glomerular filtration rate.

The medication prescribed to the patient is a diuretic, which removes water and electrolytes from the body by increasing urination 1.

This helps reduce fluid buildup in the body.

Choice A, Inhibits the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, is not the correct answer because it describes a different mechanism of action.

Choice B, Blocks beta receptors, is not the correct answer because it describes a different mechanism of action.

Choice C, Increases sodium and water reabsorption, is not the correct answer because it would have the opposite effect of reducing fluid buildup.

Neurons communicate with each other through both electrical and chemical signals.

The electrical signal, or action potential, runs from the cell body area to the axon terminals, through a thin fiber called axon.

Neurons also communicate with one another at junctions called synapses.

At a synapse, one neuron sends a message to a target neuron—another cell.

Most synapses are chemical; these synapses communicate using chemical messengers.

Choice A is incorrect because neurons communicate not only through electrical signals but also through chemical signals.

Choice B is incorrect because neurons communicate not only through chemical signals but also through electrical signals.

Choice D is incorrect because neurons do not communicate through mechanical signals.