Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for regulating breathing rate and depth?
Bronchi
Alveoli
Diaphragm
Trachea
Correct Answer : C
The diaphragm is responsible for regulating breathing rate and depth. It is a dome-shaped muscle located at the bottom of the chest cavity that contracts and relaxes to help move air in and out of the lungs.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The largest organ in the human body by surface area is the skin. It covers the enre external surface of the body and has an average surface area of about 20 square feet in adults.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The molecular geometry of a molecule of sulphur dioxide (SO2) is bent or V-shaped. This is because of the presence of two lone pairs on the sulfur atom, which cause repulsion and distort the bond angles in the molecule.
SO2 has a central sulfur atom bonded to two oxygen atoms by double bonds. The two double bonds and the two lone pairs of electrons on sulfur result in a trigonal planar arrangement of electron pairs around the sulfur atom. However, the repulsion between the lone pairs causes the two oxygen atoms to be pulled closer together, resulting in a bent or V-shaped molecular geometry.
The bent molecular geometry of SO2 affects its properties, such as its polarity and reactivity. SO2 is a polar molecule due to the asymmetric distribution of electrons, which results in a partial positive charge on the sulfur atom and partial negative charges on the oxygen atoms. This polarity makes SO2 a good solvent and reactant in chemical reactions, as well as a contributor to air pollution and acid rain.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The three major pairs of salivary glands are the parod glands, sublingual glands, and submandibular glands. The parotid glands are located just in front of your ears. The sublingual glands are below either side of your tongue, under the floor of your mouth. The submandibular glands are located below your jaw ¹.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
When measuring liquid volume in a graduated measuring cup, you should always read the measurement at the bottom of the meniscus (the lowest point of the curved surface).
Given Information:
- The top of the liquid aligns with the 50 mL mark.
- The bottom of the meniscus aligns with the 40 mL mark.
Since the correct measurement is taken from the bottom of the meniscus, the volume of the liquid is 40 mL.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The data collected by the researcher on the number of cars passing through a busy intersection at different times of the day for a month would be most useful to analyze traffic patterns during rush hour.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The unit used to indicate length is the meter (m). It is the base unit of length in the Internaonal System of Units (SI).
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The scientific method is a systematic approach used to answer questions or test hypotheses about the natural world. The steps involved in the scientific method are:
- Observation: This is the first step in the scientific method. It involves observing a phenomenon or a problem and gathering information about it.
- Hypothesis: After making an observation, a scientist forms a hypothesis, which is a tentative explanation for the phenomenon or problem.
3. Prediction: Based on the hypothesis, the scientist makes a prediction about what will happen in an experiment or what they will observe.
4. Experimentation: The scientist designs and conducts an experiment to test the hypothesis and prediction.
5. Analysis: The data collected from the experiment are analyzed to determine if they support or refute the hypothesis.
6. Conclusion: Based on the analysis of the data, the scientist draws a conclusion about whether the hypothesis is supported or refuted.
Option b) is incorrect because it starts with hypothesis before observation. Option c) is incorrect because prediction comes before experimentation. Option d) is incorrect because hypothesis comes after observation and data collection.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The epididymis is a coiled tube located at the back of each testicle where the sperm mature and are stored until ejaculation. Sperm are produced in the testes and then transported to the epididymis where they undergo maturation and become motile. The epididymis provides a protective environment for the sperm, allowing them to mature and become more resilient to external stressors. During ejaculation, the sperm are transported from the epididymis to the vas deferens and then to the urethra for ejaculation.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A physical change is a change that affects the physical properties of a substance, but does not change its chemical identity. Physical changes include changes in state, such as melting or boiling, changes in shape or size, and changes in phase, such as the dissolution of a solid in a liquid.
A chemical change, on the other hand, is a change that results in the formation of new substances with different chemical properties. Chemical changes involve the breaking of chemical bonds between atoms and the formation of new bonds to create new compounds. Chemical changes are usually accompanied by a change in color, the formation of a gas or a solid, or the release or absorption of energy.
Overall, the main difference between a physical change and a chemical change is that a physical change only affects the physical properties of a substance while a chemical change results in the formation of new substances with different chemical properties.
Note:Choice B is partially cirrect since physical changes can involve changes in the state of matter (e.g., ice melting into water), but it's not the main characteristic. A chemical change typically involves the change of one substance into another with different chemical properties.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Innate immunity is a fundamental aspect of the body's defense mechanism that operates from birth. It offers immediate protection against a wide range of pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, without requiring prior exposure to these invaders.
This defense system is non-specific, meaning it doesn't target a particular pathogen but rather provides a generalized response to various threats. Innate immunity includes physical barriers like the skin and mucous membranes, as well as cellular components such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. These elements work together to detect and neutralize potential threats swiftly, preventing infections from taking hold in the body.
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