Which of the following units is used to indicate length?
kg
L
s
m
Correct Answer : D
The unit used to indicate length is the meter (m). It is the base unit of length in the International System of Units (SI).
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Transfer RNA (tRNA) is responsible for carrying amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis. Each tRNA molecule has a specific anticodon that matches a codon on the messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. The tRNA molecule binds to the mRNA codon and brings the corresponding amino acid to the ribosome, where it is added to the growing polypeptide chain.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A physical change is a change that affects the physical properties of a substance, but does not change its chemical identity. Physical changes include changes in state, such as melting or boiling, changes in shape or size, and changes in phase, such as the dissolution of a solid in a liquid. In a physical change, the atoms and molecules of the substance are rearranged, but no new substances are formed.
A chemical change, on the other hand, is a change that results in the formation of new substances with different chemical properties. Chemical changes involve the breaking of chemical bonds between atoms and the formation of new bonds to create new compounds. Chemical changes are usually accompanied by a change in color, the formation of a gas or a solid, or the release or absorption of energy.
Overall, the main difference between a physical change and a chemical change is that a physical change only affects the physical properties of a substance while a chemical change results in the formation of new substances with different chemical properties.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The data collected by the researcher on the number of cars passing through a busy intersection at different times of the day for a month would be most useful to analyze traffic paterns during rush hour.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The scientific purpose of retracing the steps of a fatal expedition, such as the 1924 climb of Mount Everest, would primarily be to assess the factors that contributed to the earlier expedition's failure. By analyzing the conditions, decisions made, and circumstances surrounding the previous climb, the mountaineer can gain insights into potential dangers, challenges, and mistakes that were encountered, which can inform current climbing practices and safety measures.
Here's why the other options are less appropriate as primary scientific purposes:
- B. To measure the oxygen levels at high elevation: While measuring oxygen levels can be a scientific goal, it is not the main focus if the intent is to understand the failure of the previous expedition specifically.
- C. To identify routes that can be explored in future climbs: This could be a minor aspect of the climb, but the emphasis is on understanding the past tragedy rather than route exploration.
- D. To show that modern technology makes climbing safer: Although modern technology may improve safety, the primary purpose of the climb, given the context, would be to learn from historical events rather than to prove a point about technology.
Thus, the scientific purpose of such a climb would be to assess why the earlier expedition failed.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Facial acne is commonly caused by the blockage and inflammation of the sebaceous glands. These glands are responsible for secreting sebum, an oily substance that helps to lubricate the skin and hair. When these glands become overactive, or their ducts are blocked by excess sebum and dead skin cells, it can lead to the formation of pimples, blackheads, or whiteheads, which are typical signs of acne.
- Sebaceous glands are found near hair follicles and are primarily responsible for acne when they become clogged.
The other options are not related to acne:
- A. Lacrimal glands: These produce tears and are associated with the eye, not the skin.
- B. Sudoriferous glands: These are sweat glands, which are involved in perspiration, not typically linked to acne.
- D. Ceruminous glands: These are found in the ear canal and produce earwax, not involved in facial skin health.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The epididymis is a coiled tube located at the back of each testicle where the sperm mature and are stored until ejaculation. Sperm are produced in the testes and then transported to the epididymis where they undergo maturation and become motile. The epididymis provides a protective environment for the sperm, allowing them to mature and become more resilient to external stressors. During ejaculation, the sperm are transported from the epididymis to the vas deferens and then to the urethra for ejaculation.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Stomach acid is highly acidic, primarily composed of hydrochloric acid (HCl), which means it has a low pH (around 1 to 3). Acids release hydrogen ions (H⁺) in solution, which lowers the pH.
- A. It has a higher pH: Incorrect, as acidic solutions have a lower pH compared to neutral distilled water (which has a pH of 7).
- B. It contains nitrogen: Incorrect, stomach acid is composed mostly of HCl, not nitrogen-containing compounds.
- D. It has more hydroxyl ions: Incorrect, acidic solutions have fewer hydroxyl ions (OH⁻); hydroxyl ions are more common in basic (alkaline) solutions.
In comparison to distilled water, which is neutral, the stomach acid solution has significantly more hydrogen ions, making it more acidic.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A frameshift mutation is a type of genetic mutation that involves the insertion or deletion of one or more nucleotides in a DNA sequence. This can cause a shift in the reading frame of the genetic code, resulting in a change in the amino acid sequence of the resulting protein. Frameshift mutations can have significant effects on the function of the protein and can lead to genetic disorders or diseases.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
This reaction involves an acid (hydrochloric acid, HCl) and a base (magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)₂) reacting to form water (H₂O) and a salt (magnesium chloride, MgCl₂). This is a classic neutralization reaction, where an acid reacts with a base to neutralize each other, producing water and a salt.
- Neutralization Reaction: Acid + Base → Water + Salt
- In this case:
- Acid: HCl (hydrochloric acid)
- Base: Mg(OH)₂ (magnesium hydroxide)
- Products: H₂O (water) and MgCl₂ (magnesium chloride)
The other options do not apply:
- A. Decomposition: A single compound breaks down into two or more substances. Not the case here.
- B. Combustion: A substance reacts with oxygen, often producing heat and light (usually with organic compounds). Not the case here.
- C. Synthesis: Two or more substances combine to form a single product. Not applicable to this reaction.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The chemical formula for water is H2O. It consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
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