Which of the following pathways best represents the expected flow of blood from the human heart to an organ?

Independent assortment occurs during metaphase I when homologous chromosome pairs line up randomly at the cell’s equator. This randomness contributes to genetic variation because the distribution of maternal and paternal chromosomes into gametes is different each time meiosis occurs.

The correct answer is D. The scientific purpose would be to analyze the factors that led to the failure of the 1924 expedition, providing insights into mountaineering challenges and safety considerations, rather than demonstrating modern technology or exploring new routes.

The correct answer is B. The phenotypic ratio of 50% green pods and 50% yellow pods indicates that the genotype of the parent with green pods is heterozygous (Gg), and the genotype of the parent with yellow pods is homozygous recessive (gg). The cross would be Gg x gg.

The correct answer is C. The digestive system is responsible for breaking down complex food molecules, including proteins, into simpler components such as amino acids that can be absorbed and utilized by the body.

The correct answer is D. Water's high specific heat capacity allows it to absorb and store large amounts of heat energy without a significant increase in temperature. Coastal areas, being near large bodies of water, experience less dramatic temperature changes because the water helps moderate temperature fluctuations by absorbing and releasing heat slowly.

The correct answer is B. Emphysema is a disease that primarily affects the alveoli, which are tiny air sacs in the lungs responsible for gas exchange. The destruction of alveoli walls in emphysema reduces the surface area available for oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.

The correct answer is D. The typical pathway of blood flow involves arteries branching into arterioles, which further branch into capillaries, facilitating the exchange of nutrients and gases with the organ's tissues.

The correct answer is B. This option involves a control group (water) and an experimental group (energy drink) to compare the effects. By having a group that does not consume the energy drink, researchers can better attribute any observed differences in running speed to the energy drink itself.

The hip bone (or pelvis) in adults is formed by the fusion of three separate bones: the ilium, ischium, and pubis. This fusion occurs during adolescence and results in a single, solid structure.

The correct answer is B. Atoms become cations by losing electrons. Potassium has one electron in its outermost shell, and it is more likely to lose that electron to achieve a stable, cationic state. Fluorine, helium, and oxygen are more likely to gain electrons and form anions.