What is the molecular geometry of a molecule of sulphur dioxide (SO2)?
Linear
Trigonal planar
Bent
Tetrahedral
Correct Answer : C
The molecular geometry of a molecule of sulphur dioxide (SO2) is bent or V-shaped. This is because of the presence of two lone pairs on the sulfur atom, which cause repulsion and distort the bond angles in the molecule.
SO2 has a central sulfur atom bonded to two oxygen atoms by double bonds. The two double bonds and the two lone pairs of electrons on sulfur result in a trigonal planar arrangement of electron pairs around the sulfur atom. However, the repulsion between the lone pairs causes the two oxygen atoms to be pulled closer together, resulting in a bent or V-shaped molecular geometry.
The bent molecular geometry of SO2 affects its properties, such as its polarity and reactivity. SO2 is a polar molecule due to the asymmetric distribution of electrons, which results in a partial positive charge on the sulfur atom and partial negative charges on the oxygen atoms. This polarity makes SO2 a good solvent and reactant in chemical reactions, as well as a contributor to air pollution and acid rain.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The vertebral column, also known as the spine or spinal column, is a series of bones called vertebrae that extend from the skull to the pelvis. It provides support for the body and protects the spinal cord. The five regions of the vertebral column, starting from the top and moving downwards, are:
- Cervical: This region is made up of seven vertebrae and is located in the neck. The first two cervical vertebrae, the atlas and the axis, are specialized to allow for head movement.
- Thoracic: This region is made up of twelve vertebrae and is located in the upper and middle back. The thoracic vertebrae are larger than the cervical vertebrae and articulate with the ribs.
- Lumbar: This region is made up of five vertebrae and is located in the lower back. The lumbar vertebrae are the largest and strongest of the vertebrae.
- Sacral: This region is made up of five fused vertebrae and is located in the pelvis. The sacrum forms the posterior wall of the pelvis and articulates with the hip bones.
- Coccygeal: This region is made up of four fused vertebrae and is located at the base of the vertebral column. The coccyx, or tailbone, provides atachment points for muscles and ligaments.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The unit used to indicate length is the meter (m). It is the base unit of length in the International System of Units (SI).
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The data collected by the researcher on the number of cars passing through a busy intersection at different times of the day for a month would be most useful to analyze traffic paterns during rush hour.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
This reaction involves an acid (hydrochloric acid, HCl) and a base (magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)₂) reacting to form water (H₂O) and a salt (magnesium chloride, MgCl₂). This is a classic neutralization reaction, where an acid reacts with a base to neutralize each other, producing water and a salt.
- Neutralization Reaction: Acid + Base → Water + Salt
- In this case:
- Acid: HCl (hydrochloric acid)
- Base: Mg(OH)₂ (magnesium hydroxide)
- Products: H₂O (water) and MgCl₂ (magnesium chloride)
The other options do not apply:
- A. Decomposition: A single compound breaks down into two or more substances. Not the case here.
- B. Combustion: A substance reacts with oxygen, often producing heat and light (usually with organic compounds). Not the case here.
- C. Synthesis: Two or more substances combine to form a single product. Not applicable to this reaction.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The chemical formula for water is H2O. It consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Facial acne is commonly caused by the blockage and inflammation of the sebaceous glands. These glands are responsible for secreting sebum, an oily substance that helps to lubricate the skin and hair. When these glands become overactive, or their ducts are blocked by excess sebum and dead skin cells, it can lead to the formation of pimples, blackheads, or whiteheads, which are typical signs of acne.
- Sebaceous glands are found near hair follicles and are primarily responsible for acne when they become clogged.
The other options are not related to acne:
- A. Lacrimal glands: These produce tears and are associated with the eye, not the skin.
- B. Sudoriferous glands: These are sweat glands, which are involved in perspiration, not typically linked to acne.
- D. Ceruminous glands: These are found in the ear canal and produce earwax, not involved in facial skin health.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The three major pairs of salivary glands are the parotid glands, sublingual glands, and submandibular glands.
- Parotid glands are located just in front of your ears.
- Sublingual glands are located below either side of your tongue, under the floor of your mouth.
- Submandibular glands are located below your jaw.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The perineum is the region of the body located between the pubic symphysis (in the front) and the coccyx (in the back). It includes the areas surrounding the openings for the urinary, digestive, and reproductive systems, such as the urethra, anus, and, in females, the vaginal opening.
The other options describe different areas of the body:
- A. The area on the back between the neck and the two shoulder blades refers to the upper back and shoulder region, not the perineum.
- C. The area between the nipples on the chest and the belly button describes the mid-torso, not the perineum.
- D. The area between the edges of the eyes and the chin describes the face, not the perineum.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
In the case of methanol poisoning, the metabolism of methanol to formaldehyde is a critical concern because formaldehyde is highly toxic. Ethanol is used as a treatment because it competes with methanol for the same enzyme, methanol oxidase (or alcohol dehydrogenase), effectively inhibiting the metabolism of methanol. By inhibiting the enzyme, ethanol reduces the conversion of methanol to formaldehyde, thereby minimizing its toxic effects.
Here’s why the other options are not suitable treatments:
- A. Methanol oxidase, which would increase the rate of the reaction: This would not be a treatment; it would worsen the situation by promoting the conversion of methanol to toxic formaldehyde.
- B. Methanol, which would saturate the methanol oxidase: This option would also be harmful, as adding more methanol would only lead to more formaldehyde production.
- C. Ice, which would shift the equilibrium of the reaction: The reaction is not a typical equilibrium reaction in this context, and cooling the body does not address the metabolic conversion of methanol to formaldehyde.
Thus, administering ethanol is an effective treatment to prevent the toxic effects of methanol metabolism.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Carbohydrates are one of the main types of biomolecules and are composed of monomers called monosaccharides. Monosaccharides are simple sugars that cannot be further broken down into simpler sugars. They are usually composed of 3 to 7 carbon atoms and have a general formula of (CH2O)n, where n is a number between 3 and 7. Examples of monosaccharides include glucose, fructose, and galactose.
When two monosaccharides are joined together by a glycosidic bond, they form a disaccharide. Disaccharides are composed of two simple sugars and can be broken down into their constituent monosaccharides by hydrolysis. Examples of disaccharides include sucrose, lactose, and maltose.
Option a) is incorrect because it describes the composition of a disaccharide, not a monosaccharide. Option
c) is incorrect because both monosaccharides and disaccharides can be found in both plants and animals.
Option d) is incorrect because both monosaccharides and disaccharides can be used for energy storage and
structural purposes, depending on their specific structure and function in the organism.
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