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Ankylosing Spondylitis
Ankylosing Spondylitis ( 15 Questions)
Which statement accurately describes a risk factor associated with this condition?
Environmental factors, such as bacterial infections, are the primary cause of Ankylosing Spondylitis. Rationale: Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is believed to have a multifactorial etiology, and while genetics play a significant role (particularly the HLA-B27 gene), environmental factors, such as bacterial infections, have been implicated in triggering the condition. Certain bacteria, such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, have been associated with AS, and their presence may exacerbate inflammation in genetically predisposed individuals. This statement accurately reflects the current understanding of AS's etiology.
"Ankylosing Spondylitis predominantly affects females." Rationale: This statement is incorrect. Ankylosing Spondylitis is more common in males than in females. It has a male-to-female ratio of approximately 3:1. Therefore, it predominantly affects males, not females.
"The HLA-B27 gene is not associated with an increased risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis." Rationale: This statement is incorrect. The HLA-B27 gene is strongly associated with an increased risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis. In fact, it is one of the most significant genetic risk factors for the development of AS. Over 90% of individuals with AS are HLA-B27 positive.
"Symptoms of Ankylosing Spondylitis typically manifest in childhood." Rationale: This statement is incorrect. Ankylosing Spondylitis symptoms typically do not manifest in childhood. The onset of AS symptoms usually occurs in late adolescence or early adulthood, typically between the ages of 17 and 45. It is rare for AS symptoms to appear in childhood.
Choice A rationale:
Environmental factors, such as bacterial infections, are the primary cause of Ankylosing Spondylitis.
Rationale: Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is believed to have a multifactorial etiology, and while genetics play a significant role (particularly the HLA-B27 gene), environmental factors, such as bacterial infections, have been implicated in triggering the condition.
Certain bacteria, such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, have been associated with AS, and their presence may exacerbate inflammation in genetically predisposed individuals.
This statement accurately reflects the current understanding of AS's etiology.
Choice B rationale:
"Ankylosing Spondylitis predominantly affects females." Rationale: This statement is incorrect.
Ankylosing Spondylitis is more common in males than in females.
It has a male-to-female ratio of approximately 3:1.
Therefore, it predominantly affects males, not females.
Choice C rationale:
"The HLA-B27 gene is not associated with an increased risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis." Rationale: This statement is incorrect.
The HLA-B27 gene is strongly associated with an increased risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis.
In fact, it is one of the most significant genetic risk factors for the development of AS.
Over 90% of individuals with AS are HLA-B27 positive.
Choice D rationale:
"Symptoms of Ankylosing Spondylitis typically manifest in childhood." Rationale: This statement is incorrect.
Ankylosing Spondylitis symptoms typically do not manifest in childhood.
The onset of AS symptoms usually occurs in late adolescence or early adulthood, typically between the ages of 17 and 45.
It is rare for AS symptoms to appear in childhood.