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Introduction

- Pulmonary edema is a condition in which excess fluid accumulates in the lungs, impairing gas exchange and causing respiratory distress.

- It can be a life-threatening emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment.

- Pulmonary edema can be classified as cardiogenic or non-cardiogenic, depending on the underlying cause of the fluid accumulation.

- Cardiogenic pulmonary edema is caused by increased pressure in the left side of the heart, which forces fluid into the pulmonary capillaries.

- Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema is caused by injury or inflammation of the lung tissue, which increases the permeability of the alveolar-capillary membrane and allows fluid to leak into the alveoli.

Nursing Test Bank

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Quiz #1: Naxlex RN Comprehensive online practice 2019 B with NGN Quiz #2: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Quiz #3: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Exit Exam A Quiz #4: Naxlex HESI Exit LPN Exam Quiz #5: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor PN 2020 Quiz #6: Naxlex VATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Quiz #8: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 - Exam 1 Quiz #10: Naxlex HESI PN Exit exam Quiz #11: Naxlex HESI PN EXIT Exam 2

Questions on Introduction

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Incorrect. A blockage in the coronary arteries is related to myocardial infarction (heart attack) and is not the primary characteristic of pulmonary edema.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Incorrect. Crepitus is a term used to describe a crackling or popping sound and is not directly related to the sputum seen in pulmonary edema.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Incorrect. Controlled diabetes is not a precipitating factor for pulmonary edema; uncontrolled diabetes can have cardiovascular implications but is not directly related to this condition.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Incorrect. Enhanced left ventricular contractility, while beneficial for cardiac function, is not directly related to the development of pulmonary edema.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Incorrect. Elevated colloid osmotic pressure in pulmonary vessels would oppose fluid accumulation in the alveoli and is not a primary cause of pulmonary edema.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Incorrect. Electrical conduction in the heart may affect heart rhythm but is not directly related to the development of pulmonary edema.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Incorrect. Surfactant production is primarily related to maintaining lung compliance and preventing alveolar collapse but is not a primary function of the lymphatic system.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

No explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct. Chronic kidney disease can lead to fluid and electrolyte imbalances, which can contribute to the development of pulmonary edema.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Incorrect. Rheumatoid arthritis is not a known cause of pulmonary edema.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct. Prior heart muscle damage, such as from a myocardial infarction (MI), increases the risk of heart failure and subsequently pulmonary edema.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Incorrect. While marijuana use can have various health effects, it is not a known direct risk factor for pulmonary edema.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Incorrect. Osteoarthritis is a musculoskeletal condition and is not directly related to the development of pulmonary edema.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Incorrect. Sharp, stabbing chest pain is not a primary symptom of acute pulmonary edema but may be present in some cases.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Incorrect. Diminished heart sounds are not a characteristic finding in pulmonary edema.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Incorrect. Sharp, stabbing chest pain is not a common manifestation of pulmonary edema but may occur with other cardiac or respiratory conditions.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Incorrect. The absence of peripheral edema does not necessarily reflect the severity of pulmonary edema; it may be related to factors other than heart failure.

Incorrect. Elevated blood pressure and hypertension can be associated with heart failure but are not the primary factors contributing to the sensation of "suffocation" in pulmonary edema.

Incorrect. Urinalysis is not a primary diagnostic test for pulmonary edema; it is used to assess kidney function and screen for urinary tract infections.

Incorrect. Serum potassium levels may be influenced by various factors but are not a primary indicator of pulmonary edema.

Incorrect. Increased bicarbonate (HCO3-) levels are more indicative of metabolic alkalosis and are not typically associated with pulmonary edema.

Incorrect. A white blood cell count is not part of an echocardiogram and is not used to diagnose pulmonary edema.

Incorrect. While ultrasound can be useful in assessing pleural effusions, it may not provide the same level of detail as a CT scan for diagnosing pulmonary edema.

Incorrect. Antipyretic medications are used to reduce fever and do not directly improve oxygenation in pulmonary edema.

Incorrect. While an increased heart rate may be present, palpitations are not a typical finding in chronic pulmonary edema.

Incorrect. Anticoagulants are used to prevent blood clot formation and are not the primary treatment for pulmonary edema.

Incorrect. The prone position is not typically recommended for clients with pulmonary edema.

Correct. Taking prescribed medications as directed, especially diuretics and medications to manage underlying conditions, is crucial in preventing recurrence of pulmonary edema.

Incorrect. Peripheral edema may be a sign of fluid retention, but skin color and temperature are more directly related to respiratory status.

Incorrect. Bradycardia is not typically associated with diuretic therapy.

Incorrect. Hypertension is not a typical finding in pulmonary edema; it is more commonly associated with conditions like heart failure.

Incorrect. While adequate protein intake is important for overall health, it is not the primary dietary concern in pulmonary edema.

Incorrect. Bowel sounds do not provide information about the client's oxygenation status.

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Introduction

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is explaining the concept of pulmonary edema to a client. Which description best characterizes pulmonary edema? A A bacterial lung infection B An inflammation of the pleura C Accumulation of excess fluid in the lungs D A blockage in the coronary arteries Click to see answer

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client is experiencing difficulty breathing and presents with pink, frothy sputum. What term is commonly used to describe this clinical presentation associated with pulmonary edema? A Hemoptysis B Orthopnea C Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea D Crepitus Click to see answer

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is discussing the potential causes of pulmonary edema with a group of clients. Which factor is a common precipitating event for the development of pulmonary edema? A Routine physical activity B Recent vaccination C Severe hypertension D Controlled diabetes Click to see answer

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client is being evaluated for pulmonary edema. Which cardiac condition is a common etiological factor for the development of pulmonary edema? A Atrial fibrillation B Hypothyroidism C Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) D Rheumatoid arthritis Click to see answer

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with a history of myocardial infarction (MI). Which factor related to the client's medical history increases the risk of developing pulmonary edema? A Regular exercise regimen B Smoking cessation C Hypertension control D Prior heart muscle damage Click to see answer

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client with a history of substance abuse. Which substance is known to increase the risk of developing pulmonary edema when used excessively? A Caffeine B Alcohol C Nicotine D Marijuana Click to see answer

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client presents to the emergency department with suspected pulmonary edema. Which symptom is most commonly associated with acute pulmonary edema? A Persistent dry cough B Productive cough with green sputum C Sudden-onset severe shortness of breath D Sharp, stabbing chest pain Click to see answer

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client with pulmonary edema. Which physical examination finding is indicative of fluid accumulation in the lungs? A Decreased respiratory rate B Inspiratory crackles in the lung bases C Increased breath sounds D Diminished heart sounds Click to see answer

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with pulmonary edema. Which finding is indicative of severe pulmonary edema and impaired gas exchange? A Pink, frothy sputum B Low-grade fever C Clear breath sounds throughout the lung fields D Absence of peripheral edema Click to see answer

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client suspected of having pulmonary edema. Which diagnostic test is commonly used to assess the severity and underlying cause of pulmonary edema? A Complete blood count (CBC) B Electrocardiogram (ECG) C Chest X-ray D Urinalysis Click to see answer

A client with suspected pulmonary edema is undergoing diagnostic testing. Which laboratory parameter is often elevated in cases of heart failure-related pulmonary edema? A Serum creatinine B Blood glucose C Hemoglobin level D Serum potassium Click to see answer

A nurse is caring for a client with pulmonary edema. Which medication is commonly administered to manage pulmonary edema by reducing preload and afterload on the heart? A Diuretics B Antibiotics C Bronchodilators D Anticoagulants Click to see answer

A nurse is caring for a client with pulmonary edema. Which assessment finding should the nurse prioritize when monitoring the client's respiratory status? A Skin temperature and color B Urinary output C Bowel sounds D Peripheral edema Click to see answer

A client with pulmonary edema is prescribed diuretic therapy. What should the nurse monitor for as a potential side effect of diuretic administration? A Increased blood pressure B Hyperglycemia C Hypokalemia D Bradycardia Click to see answer

A nurse is assessing a client with pulmonary edema. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to find? A Elevated body temperature B Bradycardia C Crackles in the lung fields D Hypertension Click to see answer

A client with pulmonary edema is receiving oxygen therapy. What should the nurse assess to ensure the client's oxygenation needs are met effectively? A Urinary output B Respiratory rate and effort C Skin turgor D Bowel sounds Click to see answer

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