Which of the following is not a function of gastric hydrochloric acid (HCI)?
Destroy ingested pathogens
Convert Fe3+ to Fe2+
Emulsify lipids
Activate pepsinogen to pepsin
The Correct Answer is C
A. Destroy ingested pathogens: HCl in the stomach helps destroy ingested pathogens, providing a first line of defense against infections. Therefore, this is a correct function of HCl.
B. Convert Fe3+ to Fe2+: HCl aids in the conversion of iron from its ferric (Fe3+) to ferrous (Fe2+) form, which is more easily absorbed in the intestine. Therefore, this is a correct function of HCl.
C. Emulsify lipids: Emulsification of lipids is the function of bile, not hydrochloric acid. HCl does not emulsify lipids. This is the correct answer.
D. Activate pepsinogen to pepsin: HCl activates pepsinogen, converting it to the active enzyme pepsin, which is essential for protein digestion in the stomach. Therefore, this is a correct function of HCl.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. It increases both Na+ and K+ secretion: Aldosterone increases sodium (Na+) reabsorption and potassium (K+) secretion, but it does not increase the secretion of both ions.
B. It causes the urine to be more diluted. Aldosterone causes the urine to be more concentrated by increasing sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion.
C. It reduces Na+ reabsorption and K+ secretion. Aldosterone actually increases sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion, not reduces them.
D. It increases Na+ reabsorption and K+ secretion. Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption in the kidneys and increases potassium secretion, leading to more concentrated urine.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. It stimulates angiotensin II secretion: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) does not directly stimulate angiotensin II secretion; instead, it acts on the kidneys to promote water reabsorption.
B. It promotes water conservation: ADH promotes water conservation by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine output, and thus helping to maintain fluid balance.
C. It inhibits salivation and thirst: ADH does not inhibit salivation or thirst; in fact, it can increase thirst to encourage fluid intake when dehydration is detected.
D. It stimulates hypothalamic osmoreceptors: While ADH affects hypothalamic osmoreceptors indirectly by promoting water retention, its primary function is to act on the kidneys to conserve water.
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