When considering the suggestions of Hildegard Peplau, which activity should the nurse regularly engage in that supports the theory of interpersonal relations?
Reflect on personal interactions with the patient
Administer medications as prescribed
Document patient behaviors daily
Teach coping skills to the patient
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Peplau’s interpersonal relations theory emphasizes the nurse-patient relationship as a therapeutic tool. Reflecting on interactions helps nurses understand dynamics, build trust, and adjust approaches, fostering therapeutic growth, making this the correct choice aligned with her theory.
Choice B reason: Administering medications is a clinical task, not a core component of Peplau’s theory, which focuses on interpersonal dynamics. While important, it does not directly enhance the therapeutic relationship, making this choice incorrect for the theory’s focus.
Choice C reason: Documenting behaviors is standard practice but not central to Peplau’s theory, which prioritizes relational dynamics over administrative tasks. Documentation supports care but does not foster interpersonal growth, making this choice incorrect for the theory.
Choice D reason: Teaching coping skills is therapeutic but secondary to Peplau’s focus on the nurse-patient relationship itself. Reflection on interactions directly supports the theory’s emphasis on understanding relational dynamics, making this choice less relevant than self-reflection.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Occasional sleeplessness and anxiety are common stress responses and do not necessarily indicate mental illness. These symptoms may reflect temporary issues rather than a diagnosable psychiatric condition, lacking specificity for severe mental illness compared to reality-testing deficits, making this choice incorrect.
Choice B reason: Inability to distinguish reality from non-reality is a hallmark of psychosis, a severe mental illness symptom seen in disorders like schizophrenia. This indicates impaired reality testing, a critical diagnostic criterion, making it the clearest indicator of mental illness among the options, thus the correct choice.
Choice C reason: Uncertainty about job changes reflects normal decision-making stress, not a mental illness. It lacks specificity for psychiatric conditions, as it is a common life concern. This choice does not indicate a significant mental health impairment compared to reality-testing issues, making it incorrect.
Choice D reason: Sadness and low mood may suggest depression, but they are less specific than psychotic symptoms like reality distortion. These feelings can occur in non-clinical contexts, making them less definitive for mental illness compared to inability to discern reality, rendering this choice incorrect.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Comparing the patient’s problems to others minimizes their experience, a non-therapeutic technique. It dismisses feelings, hindering trust and open communication, contrary to psychiatric nursing principles that emphasize validation, making this choice incorrect.
Choice B reason: Asking the patient to suggest solutions encourages self-reflection and empowerment, a therapeutic technique. It fosters autonomy and problem-solving, aligning with patient-centered care in mental health nursing, making this a correct choice for therapeutic communication.
Choice C reason: Expressing understanding and inviting further discussion validates the patient’s feelings, fostering trust. This empathetic, open-ended approach is a hallmark of therapeutic communication in psychiatric care, promoting a safe space for exploration, making this a correct choice.
Choice D reason: Suggesting the patient forget their problems is dismissive and non-therapeutic. It invalidates feelings and discourages exploration, contrary to psychiatric nursing goals of fostering insight and trust, making this choice incorrect for therapeutic communication.
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