What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
It produces cerebral neurotransmitters.
It acts as a barrier to bacteria.
It acts as an insulator to maintain a constant spinal fluid temperature.
It cushions the brain and spinal cord.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) does not produce cerebral neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters are produced by neurons in the brain and nervous system.
Choice B rationale
CSF provides a protective barrier to some extent, but its primary function is not to act as a barrier to bacteria. The blood-brain barrier primarily serves this function.
Choice C rationale
CSF helps maintain a stable environment in the central nervous system but is not primarily an insulator for maintaining constant temperature. Its thermal properties are secondary.
Choice D rationale
The primary function of CSF is to cushion and protect the brain and spinal cord from mechanical injury. It also helps maintain the brain's buoyancy and provides a stable environment for the central nervous system.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A 5% deficit in body weight and increased caloric need alone do not warrant the initiation of parenteral nutrition (PN). PN is typically reserved for situations where oral or enteral feeding is not feasible or safe.
Choice B rationale
Significant risk of aspiration and decreased level of consciousness may necessitate alternative feeding methods, such as enteral feeding via a nasogastric or gastrostomy tube. PN is considered when enteral feeding is not possible.
Choice C rationale
Calorie deficit, muscle wasting, and low electrolyte levels indicate malnutrition, but PN is initiated when other feeding methods are inadequate or unsafe.
Choice D rationale
Inability to take in adequate oral food or fluids within 7 days is a clear indication for initiating PN. This ensures the patient receives essential nutrients and prevents further deterioration of their nutritional status.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Increased intracranial pressure can result from various conditions, including brain injuries, tumors, or infections. However, decerebrate posturing is specifically associated with brain stem dysfunction rather than increased intracranial pressure alone.
Choice B rationale
Dysfunction in the cerebrum can lead to different posturing responses, such as decorticate posturing, which involves abnormal flexion of the arms. Decerebrate posturing, on the other hand, indicates more severe damage lower in the brain stem.
Choice C rationale
Dysfunction in the brain stem is indicated by decerebrate posturing, which involves extension and outward rotation of the arms and legs in response to painful stimuli. This type of posturing signifies serious damage to the brain stem and carries a poor prognosis.
Choice D rationale
Dysfunction in the spinal column may result in various neurological deficits but does not specifically cause decerebrate posturing. This type of posturing is indicative of brain stem damage rather than spinal column issues.
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