What does cardiac output measure?
Blood pumped into a ventricle in one minute
Blood pumped into the atria in one minute
Blood pumped by each ventricle in one minute
Blood pumped out of an atrium in one minute
The Correct Answer is C
A. Blood pumped into a ventricle in one minute: This describes venous return but not cardiac output.
B. Blood pumped into the atria in one minute: Cardiac output measures blood leaving the heart, not entering the atria.
C. Blood pumped by each ventricle in one minute: Cardiac output is the amount of blood ejected by each ventricle in one minute. It is calculated by multiplying stroke volume (the amount of blood ejected per beat) by heart rate.
D. Blood pumped out of an atrium in one minute: This describes atrial function but is not related to the definition of cardiac output.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Subclavian duct: There is no specific "subclavian duct" for lymph drainage; lymphatic fluid drains into the subclavian veins.
B. Thoracic duct: The thoracic duct drains lymph from the lower limbs and the left side of the body, returning it to the circulatory system at the junction of the left subclavian and internal jugular veins.
C. Left lymphatic duct: The thoracic duct is often referred to as the left lymphatic duct but is not limited to just left drainage.
D. Right lymphatic duct: The right lymphatic duct drains lymph from the right upper quadrant of the body but does not drain lymph from the lower limbs.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Endocardium: The endocardium is the innermost layer of the heart wall, lining the chambers and valves, and is not in contact with pericardial fluid.
B. Fibrous pericardium: This is the outermost layer of the pericardium but is not part of the heart wall. It provides protection and support but does not come into direct contact with pericardial fluid.
C. Epicardium: The epicardium is the outer layer of the heart wall and is in direct contact with pericardial fluid, which is found between the epicardium and the pericardium.
D. Myocardium: The myocardium is the middle muscular layer responsible for heart contractions and is not in contact with pericardial fluid.
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