To help pregnant clients manage discomfort and pain during labor, what is a nurse aware of?
The predominant pain of the first stage of labor is the visceral pain located in the lower portion of the abdomen.
Referred pain is the extreme discomfort between contractions.
The somatic pain of the second stage of labor is more generalized and related to fatigue.
Pain during the third stage is a somewhat milder version of the second stage.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Visceral pain arises from the internal organs and is often described as dull, aching, cramping, or squeezing. During the first stage of labor, the uterus contracts forcefully to dilate the cervix and move the baby down the birth canal. This stretching and pressure on the uterus, cervix, and other pelvic organs stimulate pain receptors, resulting in visceral pain. This pain is typically located in the lower abdomen, back, and groin.
Key points about visceral pain in the first stage of labor:
It's often described as dull, aching, cramping, or squeezing.
It's caused by the stretching and pressure on the uterus, cervix, and other pelvic organs.
It's typically located in the lower abdomen, back, and groin.
It can be intermittent or continuous.
It can vary in intensity from mild to severe.
It's often accompanied by other symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, sweating, and anxiety.
Choice B rationale:
Referred pain is pain that is felt in a different location from the source of the pain. It's not typically associated with the first stage of labor.
Choice C rationale:
Somatic pain arises from the skin, muscles, bones, and joints. It's often described as sharp, stabbing, burning, or throbbing. The somatic pain of the second stage of labor is caused by the stretching and distension of the perineum and vagina as the baby descends. It's typically located in the lower back, buttocks, and thighs.
Choice D rationale:
Pain during the third stage of labor is typically mild compared to the first and second stages. It's caused by the contractions of the uterus as it expels the placenta. It's usually located in the lower abdomen and may be accompanied by a feeling of pressure or fullness.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Joining a support group can be beneficial. I can provide some recommendations.
Support groups offer a safe and supportive environment where couples can share their experiences, feelings, and coping strategies with others who understand what they are going through. This can be incredibly helpful in reducing isolation, normalizing their emotions, and promoting a sense of hope. Support groups can also provide valuable information and resources about infertility, treatment options, and coping strategies. Additionally, they can help couples develop a sense of community and belonging, which can be especially important during a challenging time.
I can provide some recommendations for support groups in your area. This demonstrates the nurse's willingness to help the couple find the resources they need and underscores the value of support groups in managing infertility.
Choice B rationale:
Share your situation with friends and family so they can provide support.
While sharing with friends and family can be helpful for some couples, it's important to recognize that not everyone may be able to provide the kind of support that is needed. Some friends and family members may not understand the challenges of infertility or may offer unsolicited advice, which can be hurtful. Additionally, couples may not feel comfortable sharing such personal information with their loved ones. It's important to respect the couple's privacy and preferences in this regard.
Choice C rationale:
Start adoption proceedings immediately as it can be challenging to adopt an infant.
This response is not appropriate as it does not address the couple's immediate concern, which is how to maintain their emotional balance while dealing with infertility. It also assumes that the couple is interested in adoption, which may not be the case. While adoption can be a wonderful option for some families, it's a major decision that requires careful consideration and should not be rushed into.
Choice D rationale:
Speak only with other friends who are dealing with infertility as they can provide the most help.
While connecting with others who are experiencing infertility can be helpful, it's important not to isolate oneself from other sources of support. Friends and family who are not dealing with infertility can still offer valuable support, understanding, and companionship. It's important to have a variety of supportive relationships in one's life.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
A positive contraction stress test (CST) indicates that the fetal heart rate decelerates late in response to uterine contractions, suggesting potential uteroplacental insufficiency. However, the scenario does not describe a CST being performed, as it does not mention any assessment of uterine contractions or their relationship to fetal heart rate changes.
Choice C rationale:
A negative contraction stress test (CST) would demonstrate no late decelerations in response to contractions, suggesting adequate placental function. However, as mentioned earlier, a CST is not the test being performed in this scenario.
Choice D rationale:
A non-reactive nonstress test (NST) means that there were not enough fetal heart rate accelerations (at least 2, each lasting at least 15 seconds and peaking at least 15 beats above baseline) within a 20-minute period. This finding sometimes warrants further evaluation of fetal well-being. However, the scenario clearly states that 3 accelerations meeting the criteria for reactivity were observed.
Choice B rationale:
A reactive nonstress test (NST) is considered reassuring and indicates that the fetal heart rate is responding appropriately to fetal movement, suggesting that the fetus is likely healthy and well-oxygenated. The presence of 3 accelerations meeting the criteria for reactivity within a 20-minute period is the hallmark of a reactive NST.
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