The student nurse learns that the hormone necessary for milk production is
Estrogen.
Prolactin.
Progesterone.
Lactogen.
The Correct Answer is B
The correct answer is choice B. Prolactin.
Choice A reason:
Estrogen. Estrogen is a hormone that plays a role in the development of the mammary glands and the ductal system during pregnancy. However, estrogen does not directly produce milk.
In fact, high levels of estrogen during pregnancy inhibit milk secretion by blocking prolactin. Therefore, estrogen is not the hormone necessary for milk production. • Choice B reason:
Prolactin. Prolactin is the hormone responsible for the production of breast milk. Prolactin is secreted by the pituitary gland in response to suckling or nipple stimulation. Prolactin levels rise during pregnancy and peak after delivery, when the sudden drop in estrogen and progesterone allows prolactin to take over and initiate lactation. Therefore, prolactin is the hormone necessary for milk production. • Choice C reason:
Progesterone. Progesterone is a hormone that also contributes to the development of the mammary glands and the alveoli during pregnancy. However, like estrogen, progesterone does not directly produce milk. Progesterone also inhibits milk secretion by blocking prolactin during pregnancy. Therefore, progesterone is not the hormone necessary for milk production. •
Choice D reason:
Lactogen. Lactogen is not a hormone, but a general term for any substance that stimulates lactation. There are different types of lactogens, such as human placental lactogen (hPL), which is produced by the placenta during pregnancy and has some lactogenic effects on the mammary glands. However, hPL is not the main hormone responsible for milk production. That role belongs to prolactin. Therefore, lactogen is not the hormone necessary for milk production.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Human placental lactogen (hPL) is a hormone produced by the placenta that helps regulate the metabolism of the mother and fetus, but it is not used as the basis for pregnancy tests. It plays a role in modulating the metabolic state of the mother during pregnancy to facilitate the energy supply of the fetus.
B. Estrogen (estriol) is another hormone produced by the placenta, which is important for maintaining pregnancy and preparing the body for childbirth. However, it is not the hormone detected by pregnancy tests. Estriol levels increase significantly during pregnancy but are not used as a marker for pregnancy tests.
C. Progesterone (progestin) is crucial for maintaining the uterine lining and supporting early pregnancy. While it is essential for a successful pregnancy, it is not the hormone that pregnancy tests detect. Progesterone helps prevent uterine contractions and supports the endometrium.
D. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is the hormone detected by pregnancy tests. It is produced by the placenta shortly after the embryo attaches to the uterine lining. The presence of hCG in the blood or urine is a reliable indicator of pregnancy, which is why it is the basis for pregnancy tests.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Charting the normal axillary temperature is not the priority in this situation. The infant's temperature is subnormal, indicating hypothermia, which requires immediate intervention.
Choice B reason:
Rechecking the infant's temperature rectally may provide a more accurate reading, but it is not the priority action at this moment. The infant's low temperature indicates the need for immediate warming to prevent further complications.
Choice C reason:
Placing the infant in a radiant warmer is the priority nursing action. The axillary temperature of 35.9°C (96.6°F) is below the normal range for a newborn, which is around 36.5-37.5°C (97.7-99.5°F). Hypothermia in newborns can be dangerous and lead to respiratory distress, metabolic problems, and other complications. A radiant warmer provides a controlled heat source to warm the infant and stabilize their body temperature.
Choice D reason:
Having the mother breastfeed the infant may help provide warmth and comfort, but it is not the priority action. The immediate concern is to raise the infant's body temperature to a safe range using a radiant warmer.
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