The school nurse is conducting pediculosis capitis checks. A child with a positive head check would have which finding?
Lesions in the scalp that extend to the hairline or neck.
Circular lesion with raised edges and central clearing and itching
White sacs attached to the hair shafts in the occipital area
Maculopapular lesions behind the ears.
The Correct Answer is C
A. While scratching due to lice can lead to irritation and lesions, this finding is not specific to pediculosis capitis. Lesions extending to the hairline or neck could be caused by various conditions, such as eczema or dermatitis, rather than lice infestation.
B. This description is more characteristic of tinea capitis (scalp ringworm) rather than pediculosis capitis. Tinea capitis presents as circular patches with raised edges and may cause itching, but it is not caused by lice.
C. In cases of pediculosis capitis, the white sacs refer to nits (lice eggs), which are commonly found attached to hair shafts, especially around the occipital area (back of the head). Nits are oval and may be mistaken for dandruff but are firmly attached to the hair.
D. While maculopapular lesions can be a result of scratching, they are not a typical finding in pediculosis capitis. Such lesions might indicate another skin condition or an allergic reaction rather than an infestation of lice.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Rhinitis, or nasal inflammation, can occur in various respiratory infections but is not a primary symptom of bacterial pneumonia. While some children with pneumonia may have nasal congestion or a runny nose, it is not a defining characteristic of pneumonia.
B. Hemoptysis, or coughing up blood, is not a common symptom of bacterial pneumonia, especially in children. While it can occur in severe cases or specific types of pneumonia, it is not typically expected during the initial assessment of bacterial pneumonia in pediatric patients.
C. A high fever is a common and expected symptom in children with bacterial pneumonia. The body’s response to the infection often includes elevated temperatures, and fever is one of the key signs that healthcare providers look for when diagnosing pneumonia.
D. Constipation is not a symptom associated with bacterial pneumonia. While general illness can affect bowel habits, constipation is not typically seen in patients with pneumonia. The focus of the assessment would be on respiratory symptoms rather than gastrointestinal issues.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Cyanosis is a late sign of hypoxia, occurring when oxygen saturation is significantly low. It's often visible in the mucous membranes and skin.
B. Restlessness is often one of the earliest signs of hypoxia. As oxygen levels decrease, the brain becomes deprived of oxygen, leading to changes in mental status, including restlessness, confusion, and agitation.
C. Increased respirations (tachypnea) can be a sign of hypoxia, but it's often a later response as the body attempts to compensate for decreased oxygen levels.
D. Hypertension is not a typical sign of hypoxia. In fact, severe hypoxia can lead to hypotension as blood pressure decreases.
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