The nurse is teaching an adult patient with Type 1 diabetes that a primary cause of the development of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is:

Omitted meals

Polydipsia and polyphagia

Not taking enough insulin

An insulin overdose

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

Omitted meals can lead to hypoglycemia, not diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is caused by a lack of insulin, not a lack of food intake.

Choice B rationale

Polydipsia and polyphagia are symptoms of hyperglycemia, not causes of DKA. They occur as the body tries to compensate for high blood sugar levels.

Choice C rationale

Not taking enough insulin is a primary cause of the development of DKA. Without enough insulin, the body begins to break down fat for fuel, which produces acids known as ketones.

Choice D rationale

An insulin overdose would lead to hypoglycemia, not DKA. DKA is caused by a lack of insulin, not an excess.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Diabetes mellitus can lead to several chronic complications, including retinopathy, which can cause blindness. Regular eye exams are crucial for early detection and treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Therefore, scheduling and keeping appointments for annual eye exams is an important part of managing diabetes.

Choice B rationale

While adequate fluid intake is generally important for overall health, it is not specifically effective in preventing kidney damage in patients with diabetes mellitus. Kidney damage in diabetes, also known as diabetic nephropathy, is caused by high blood sugar levels over time, not by dehydration.

Choice C rationale

Regular checks of cardiac enzymes are not a standard part of diabetes management. Cardiac enzymes are typically checked in the context of suspected heart disease or a heart attack, not as a routine measure in diabetes care.

Choice D rationale

While regular foot care is important in diabetes to prevent complications such as foot ulcers and infections, podiatry exams every 3 months are not typically necessary unless the patient has a history of foot problems or a high risk of foot complications.

A. Increase intake of proteins, take vitamin C and zinc B. Use care when walking to avoid bumping your limb C. Cleanse the ulcer with soap and water D. Apply cortisone cream to decrease itching E. Put on compression stockings before getting out of bed

Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Proteins, vitamin C, and zinc are essential for wound healing. Proteins are the building blocks for body tissue, and zinc plays a role in protein synthesis. Vitamin C is needed for the formation of collagen, a protein used to make skin, scar tissue, and blood vessels.

Choice B rationale

Care should be taken when walking to avoid bumping the limb. Any trauma to the affected limb could potentially worsen the condition or delay healing.

Choice C rationale

Cleaning the ulcer with soap and water may not be the best option. Soap can be irritating to the skin and may delay healing. Instead, the ulcer should be cleaned as per healthcare provider’s instructions.

Choice D rationale

Cortisone cream is not typically used for venous stasis ulcers. It can thin the skin and delay healing.

Choice E rationale

Compression stockings are often recommended for patients with post-thrombotic syndrome. They can help reduce swelling and improve blood flow, which can promote healing of the venous stasis ulcer.

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The nurse is teaching an adult patient with Type 1 diabetes that a primary cause of the development of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is:

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is educating a patient with diabetes mellitus about the chronic complications associated with the disease. What information should be included in the teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

The nurse is providing care for a client diagnosed with post-thrombotic syndrome who has a venous stasis ulcer. Which instructions should be given prior to discharge? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

Choice E rationale

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