The nurse is teaching an adult patient with Type 1 diabetes that a primary cause of the development of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is:
Omitted meals
Polydipsia and polyphagia
Not taking enough insulin
An insulin overdose
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Omitted meals can lead to hypoglycemia, not diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is caused by a lack of insulin, not a lack of food intake.
Choice B rationale
Polydipsia and polyphagia are symptoms of hyperglycemia, not causes of DKA. They occur as the body tries to compensate for high blood sugar levels.
Choice C rationale
Not taking enough insulin is a primary cause of the development of DKA. Without enough insulin, the body begins to break down fat for fuel, which produces acids known as ketones.
Choice D rationale
An insulin overdose would lead to hypoglycemia, not DKA. DKA is caused by a lack of insulin, not an excess.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
After a femoral-popliteal bypass, the client should be placed in a supine position with the right leg extended and flat. This position helps to prevent kinking and occlusion of the graft, which could lead to complications such as graft thrombosis.
Choice B rationale
High-Fowler’s position with the right leg extended is not recommended. This position could put strain on the surgical site and potentially compromise the graft.
Choice C rationale
Supine with the right leg flexed at a 45-degree angle is not advised. Flexing the leg could lead to kinking of the graft and subsequent complications.
Choice D rationale
Semi-Fowler’s with the right leg on two pillows is not the optimal position. While elevation can help with swelling, excessive elevation could potentially compromise blood flow to the graft.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice D rationale
Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome (HHS) is a serious complication of diabetes that occurs when blood sugar levels are extremely high. The primary treatment for HHS is intravenous fluids and insulin. Specifically, 0.9% saline solution IV is often used initially to restore volume and correct severe dehydration.
Choice A rationale
Administration of Glucagon is not the primary treatment for HHS. Glucagon is a hormone that raises blood glucose levels and would not be beneficial in a situation where blood glucose is already extremely high.
Choice B rationale
Dextrose 50% is a concentrated glucose solution and would not be appropriate in the treatment of HHS, where blood glucose levels are already dangerously high.
Choice C rationale
While IV fluids are a crucial part of the treatment for HHS, 0.45% Normal Saline (also known as half-normal saline) is a hypotonic solution and is not typically the first choice for fluid resuscitation in HHS. The preferred initial fluid is often 0.9% saline (normal saline), which is isotonic.
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