The nurse is teaching an adult patient with Type 1 diabetes that a primary cause of the development of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is:

Omitted meals

Polydipsia and polyphagia

Not taking enough insulin

An insulin overdose

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

Omitted meals can lead to hypoglycemia, not diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is caused by a lack of insulin, not a lack of food intake.

Choice B rationale

Polydipsia and polyphagia are symptoms of hyperglycemia, not causes of DKA. They occur as the body tries to compensate for high blood sugar levels.

Choice C rationale

Not taking enough insulin is a primary cause of the development of DKA. Without enough insulin, the body begins to break down fat for fuel, which produces acids known as ketones.

Choice D rationale

An insulin overdose would lead to hypoglycemia, not DKA. DKA is caused by a lack of insulin, not an excess.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Limiting intake to non-caloric containing liquids until the glucose is within normal limits is not the best advice for a patient with Type 1 diabetes reporting a blood glucose level of 210 mg/dL and symptoms of a sore throat, cough, and fever. While it’s important to stay hydrated, especially when sick, it’s also crucial to maintain a balanced diet to provide the body with necessary nutrients for recovery.

Choice B rationale

Decreasing intake of carbohydrates until blood glucose level is less than 100 mg/dL is not recommended. Carbohydrates are a primary source of energy, and reducing their intake could lead to low blood sugar or hypoglycemia, which can be dangerous.

Choice C rationale

Monitoring blood glucose levels every 4 hours and notifying the doctor if it continues to rise is the best advice. When a patient with diabetes is sick, their blood glucose levels can rise due to the stress the body is under. Regular monitoring allows for timely adjustments in insulin dosage and helps prevent diabetic ketoacidosis, a serious complication.

Choice D rationale

Administering only the morning prescribed dose of insulin is not advisable. Insulin requirements can increase when a person with diabetes is sick. Therefore, sticking to the regular insulin regimen without adjustments could lead to high blood sugar or hyperglycemia.

A. Obtain a full set of vital signs. B. Administer 1 mg glucagon subcutaneously. C. Administer 25 mL of 50% dextrose. D. Obtain a blood glucose reading.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

While obtaining a full set of vital signs is an important part of assessing a patient’s condition, it should not be the initial action in this case. The symptoms described by the patient suggest hypoglycemia, which requires immediate confirmation and treatment.

Choice B rationale

Administering 1 mg glucagon subcutaneously is not the initial action. Glucagon is used to treat severe hypoglycemia when the patient is unable to take glucose orally. However, the patient’s blood glucose level should be checked first.

Choice C rationale

Administering 25 mL of 50% dextrose is not the initial action. This treatment is used for severe hypoglycemia, but the patient’s blood glucose level should be checked first to confirm hypoglycemia.

Choice D rationale

Obtaining a blood glucose reading is the correct initial action. The symptoms described by the patient suggest hypoglycemia. Checking the blood glucose level will confirm whether the patient is hypoglycemic and needs treatment.

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The nurse is teaching an adult patient with Type 1 diabetes that a primary cause of the development of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is:

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes reports a blood glucose level of 210 mg/dL and symptoms of a sore throat, cough, and fever. What advice should the nurse give to the patient?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

A patient is recovering from an episode of diabetic ketoacidosis and reports feeling “anxious, shaky, and sweaty.”. What should be the nurse’s initial action?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

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