The nurse is providing care for a comatose patient and regularly assessing for potential complications. What complications should the nurse be looking for?

Venous thromboembolism

Hemorrhage

Contractures

Pressure ulcers

Pneumonia

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D,E

Choice A rationale

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious complication that can occur in comatose patients. Immobility is a major risk factor for VTE, and comatose patients are often immobile. Therefore, nurses should be vigilant for signs of VTE, such as swelling, pain, or redness in the extremities.
Choice B rationale
Hemorrhage is not typically a direct complication of coma. However, the underlying cause of the coma, such as a traumatic brain injury, could potentially lead to hemorrhage.
Choice C rationale
Contractures, or the shortening and hardening of muscles, tendons, or other tissue, can occur in comatose patients due to prolonged immobility. Regular movement and physiotherapy can help prevent this complication.
Choice D rationale
Pressure ulcers, also known as bedsores, are a common complication in comatose patients. They occur when there is prolonged pressure on the skin, usually over bony areas. Regular turning and good skin care can help prevent pressure ulcers.
Choice E rationale
Pneumonia is a common complication in comatose patients, often resulting from aspiration (inhaling food, stomach acid, or saliva into the lungs)2. Nurses should be vigilant for signs of pneumonia, such as fever, cough, and difficulty breathing.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The correct answer is: = b. Prostaglandins

Choice A: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: These medications can be used for glaucoma, but they are not typically the first-line treatment due to potential side effects.

Choice B: Prostaglandins (Correct Answer) These are often the preferred initial medication for glaucoma because they are effective at lowering eye pressure, have minimal systemic side effects, and are typically used once daily.

Choice C: Alpha-agonists: These medications can be used as an adjunct to other glaucoma medications but are not usually the first choice due to potential side effects like dry mouth and fatigue.

Choice D: Beta-blockers: While once a common first-line treatment, beta-blockers have been largely replaced by prostaglandins due to potential side effects like slowed heart rate and worsened breathing problems.

Correct Answer is ["56"]

Explanation

Step 1 is to calculate the total drops per hour. This is done by multiplying the total volume of the solution by the drop factor and then dividing by the total time in minutes. So, (1000 mL × 10 gtt/mL) ÷ 180 min = 55.56 gtt/min. The final calculated answer is approximately 56 gtt/min when rounded to the nearest whole number.

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The nurse is providing care for a comatose patient and regularly assessing for potential complications. What complications should the nurse be looking for?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The patient with glaucoma is usually started on the lowest dose of medication. Which of the following is the preferred initial ophthalmic medication?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A patient with hypotension has an order for 1000 mL of 0.9% Normal Saline over 3 hours. The tubing drop factor is 10 gtt/mL. How many gtt/min should be given? (This is a med math nd does not require options)

Correct Answer is ["56"]

Explanation

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