The nurse is caring for a woman with a family history of breast cancer who received a positive result on a breast tumor marker test.
The patient is requesting a bilateral mastectomy.
This is an example of which type of oncologic treatment?

Diagnostic surgery.

Palliative surgery.

Prophylactic surgery.

Reconstructive surgery.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

Diagnostic surgery involves procedures done to confirm a diagnosis, such as a biopsy. In this case, the patient has already received a positive result on a breast tumor marker test, so the purpose of surgery is not to diagnose but to prevent the development of breast cancer.

Choice B rationale

Palliative surgery is performed to relieve symptoms or improve quality of life in patients with serious illnesses, often in advanced stages of cancer. The patient’s request for a bilateral mastectomy is not intended to alleviate symptoms but rather to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer.

Choice C rationale

Prophylactic surgery is performed to reduce the risk of cancer in patients with a high predisposition to certain cancers, such as those with a family history or genetic mutations like BRCA1 or BRCA2. The patient’s request for a bilateral mastectomy falls into this category, as it aims to prevent the potential future development of breast cancer.

Choice D rationale

Reconstructive surgery is performed to restore the appearance or function of body parts after trauma, surgery, or congenital defects. While patients undergoing mastectomies may later opt for reconstructive surgery to restore breast appearance, the patient’s current request for a bilateral mastectomy is to proactively prevent breast cancer, not for reconstruction purposes. .

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Hypoventilation and hypoglycemia are symptoms of untreated hypothyroidism rather than an indicator of effective levothyroxine treatment.

Choice B rationale

Angina and arrhythmias can occur if the dosage of levothyroxine is too high, indicating overmedication rather than effective treatment.

Choice C rationale

Weight gain is a sign of undertreated hypothyroidism and would indicate that the medication is not effective in managing the condition.

Choice D rationale

Normal body temperature and pulse rate indicate that levothyroxine is effectively managing the symptoms of hypothyroidism, as it restores metabolic function to normal levels. .

A. Prevent graft versus host disease. B. Prevent graft rejection. C. Prevent hospital acquired infections. D. Prevent a relapse of the leukemia.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Prevent graft versus host disease (GVHD) is a common complication following an allogeneic stem cell transplant. Immunosuppressant medications are given to prevent the donor immune cells from attacking the recipient's body tissues, which is GVHD. This prevention is crucial for the success of the transplant and the patient's overall recovery.

Choice B rationale

Prevent graft rejection is more commonly associated with solid organ transplants like kidney or liver transplants. In the context of stem cell transplants, preventing GVHD is the primary concern rather than preventing graft rejection.

Choice C rationale

Preventing hospital-acquired infections is important for all patients, especially those with compromised immune systems. However, this is not the primary indication for immunosuppressant medications following an allogeneic stem cell transplant. Other measures, such as infection control protocols, are more directly related to this.

Choice D rationale

Preventing a relapse of leukemia is a key goal of the overall treatment plan for leukemia patients. However, immunosuppressant medications do not directly prevent a relapse; instead, they help manage complications like GVHD that can arise from the transplant process.

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The nurse is caring for a woman with a family history of breast cancer who received a positive result on a breast tumor marker test.The patient is requesting a bilateral mastectomy.This is an example of which type of oncologic treatment?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a patient with hypothyroidism who is prescribed levothyroxine.Which assessment data indicates to the nurse that the medication has been effective?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is teaching a patient about taking immunosuppressant medications after an allogeneic stem cell transplant to treat leukemia.What will the nurse teach is the indication for this treatment?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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The nurse is caring for a woman with a family history of breast cancer who received a positive result on a breast tumor marker test.
The patient is requesting a bilateral mastectomy.
This is an example of which type of oncologic treatment?