The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with secondary immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The nurse should expect the client to be tested for which of the following possible causes?

Thrombopoiesis.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Hepatitis C virus (HCV).

Von Willebrand disease (vWD).

Hemophilia B.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C

Choice A rationale

Thrombopoiesis, the process of platelet production, is not typically a direct cause of secondary immune thrombocytopenic purpura. This condition often stems from an underlying immune or viral trigger rather than bone marrow dysfunction.

Choice B rationale

HIV is a recognized cause of secondary ITP due to immune dysregulation and increased platelet destruction. It is essential to test for HIV in clients with newly diagnosed ITP to identify and manage the underlying condition effectively.

Choice C rationale

Hepatitis C virus is a common trigger for secondary ITP due to immune complex formation and platelet destruction. Testing for HCV is crucial for clients with thrombocytopenia to establish a precise etiology and guide treatment.

Choice D rationale

Von Willebrand disease primarily affects von Willebrand factor and is associated with qualitative or quantitative clotting issues rather than platelet destruction or secondary ITP. It is not routinely tested in this context.

Choice E rationale

Hemophilia B involves Factor IX deficiency leading to bleeding disorders but does not relate to immune-mediated platelet destruction. Testing for hemophilia B is irrelevant in clients suspected of secondary ITP.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Hesitancy in starting urination occurs due to obstruction of the urethra by an enlarged prostate. It reflects the mechanical impact of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) on urinary flow and is a classic symptom of this condition.

Choice B rationale

Dribbling with urination indicates incomplete bladder emptying due to urethral compression by the enlarged prostate. It is a characteristic symptom of BPH and can lead to complications like urinary retention.

Choice C rationale

Nocturia, or frequent urination at night, is caused by incomplete bladder emptying and increased nighttime urine production. It is a common symptom of BPH that significantly affects quality of life.

Choice D rationale

A decreased urine stream results from partial urethral obstruction by the enlarged prostate, limiting the flow of urine. This symptom is a hallmark of BPH and reflects progressive narrowing of the urinary tract.

Choice E rationale

Urinary frequency is due to incomplete bladder emptying and irritative symptoms associated with BPH. Frequent voiding is common and often prompts medical evaluation for prostate enlargement.

A. I will decrease my caffeine intake down to one cup per day. B. I should drink grapefruit juice instead of orange juice in the morning. C. I will practice Kegel exercises regularly. D. I should have a fixed time schedule for going to the bathroom.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Decreasing caffeine intake is a proven method for managing urinary incontinence. Caffeine stimulates bladder activity, potentially worsening symptoms. Reducing caffeine to one cup per day can decrease urgency and frequency. This recommendation aligns with the scientific understanding that caffeine is a bladder irritant and is supported by clinical guidelines on managing urinary incontinence.

Choice B rationale

Grapefruit juice is acidic and can irritate the bladder lining, worsening urinary incontinence symptoms. Substituting orange juice with grapefruit juice does not address the problem, as both are acidic and contain bladder irritants. Citrus juices, including grapefruit and orange, are often advised against for patients managing urinary incontinence due to their potential to exacerbate symptoms.

Choice C rationale

Kegel exercises strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, enhancing bladder control and reducing incontinence episodes. This evidence-based practice is recommended for individuals with urinary incontinence. Regular Kegel exercise improves urinary sphincter function and supports the overall health of pelvic muscles, which is key for managing incontinence.

Choice D rationale

Establishing a fixed schedule for bathroom visits can prevent overdistension of the bladder and manage symptoms of urinary incontinence effectively. Timed voiding helps train the bladder and reduce episodes of urgency or leakage. It is widely supported as part of behavioral therapy for urinary incontinence management.

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The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with secondary immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The nurse should expect the client to be tested for which of the following possible causes?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing a male client for symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The nurse should ask the client about which of the following?

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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