The nurse is caring for a child diagnosed with Tetralogy of Fallot who has positioned themselves in a squatting position. The nurse understands this position:

Increases the return of venous blood back to the heart.

Is a common position when a child is tachycardic.

Decreases arterial blood flow away from the heart.

Increases the workload of the heart.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Squatting increases the return of venous blood back to the heart by compressing the large veins in the legs and abdomen. This position helps increase systemic vascular resistance, which in turn increases the blood flow to the lungs and improves oxygenation. Children with Tetralogy of Fallot often instinctively squat to relieve cyanotic spells, as it helps reduce the severity of symptoms by temporarily improving circulation.

Choice B reason: While a child might experience tachycardia during a cyanotic spell, squatting is not a position specifically associated with tachycardia. The primary purpose of squatting in children with Tetralogy of Fallot is to improve venous return and systemic vascular resistance, not to address tachycardia directly.

Choice C reason: Squatting does not decrease arterial blood flow away from the heart. Instead, it helps increase systemic vascular resistance, which improves pulmonary blood flow and oxygenation. This position assists in temporarily mitigating the effects of the heart defect by improving circulation.

Choice D reason: Squatting actually helps alleviate some of the workload on the heart by improving systemic vascular resistance and enhancing blood flow to the lungs. It is a compensatory mechanism that children with Tetralogy of Fallot use instinctively to manage cyanotic spells, and it does not increase the workload of the heart.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Infants born to diabetic parents are at risk for failure to thrive due to potential complications during pregnancy, such as poor blood glucose control, which can affect fatal growth and development. Additionally, these infants may experience issues such as hypoglycaemia after birth, requiring careful monitoring and management. Furthermore, the long-term impact of maternal diabetes on the infant's metabolic health can contribute to growth concerns, emphasizing the need for diligent care and follow-up.

Choice B reason: Infants born to low-income parents are at risk for failure to thrive due to socioeconomic factors that can impact their growth and development. Low-income families may face challenges in accessing adequate nutrition, healthcare, and safe living conditions, all of which are critical for the healthy growth of infants. Additionally, stress and limited resources can affect parenting practices, potentially leading to inadequate stimulation and care, further contributing to the risk of growth and developmental delays.

Choice C reason: An infant with a cleft palate is at risk for failure to thrive because feeding difficulties are common in these cases. A cleft palate can affect an infant's ability to suck and swallow properly, leading to inadequate nutrient intake and growth issues. Proper feeding techniques and medical interventions are necessary to support these infants. Moreover, frequent respiratory infections and other complications associated with cleft palate can impact overall health and growth, necessitating comprehensive care and monitoring.

Choice D reason: Infants born to teenage parents may be at risk for failure to thrive due to various factors, including the potential lack of experience, resources, and social support for the young parents. Teenage parents may face difficulties in providing consistent and adequate care, which can impact the infant's growth and development. Additionally, teenage parents may struggle with their own developmental challenges, such as completing education and securing employment, which can affect their ability to provide a stable and nurturing environment for their child.

Choice E reason: An infant with tetralogy of Fallot, a congenital heart defect, is at risk for failure to thrive due to the potential impact on the infant's overall health and energy levels. Infants with this condition may have difficulty feeding and gaining weight due to the increased energy expenditure required to compensate for their heart condition. They may also require surgical interventions and ongoing medical care, which can further impact growth and development. The need for specialized care and monitoring underscores the importance of addressing the unique challenges faced by these infants.

A. The patient who is 11 weeks pregnant and nauseous, tired, and sleepy most of the day. B. The patient who is 30 weeks pregnant complained of "blurred vision and seeing spots." C. The patient who is 40 weeks pregnant and has to urinate every 2 hours. D. The patient who is 37 weeks pregnant and has 4 to 5 contractions in an hour.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: While nausea, tiredness, and sleepiness are common during the first trimester of pregnancy, they are typically not signs of an immediate emergency. This patient does not exhibit any alarming symptoms that would require immediate hospital referral.

Choice B reason: Blurred vision and seeing spots during pregnancy can be symptoms of preeclampsia, a potentially dangerous condition characterized by high blood pressure. Preeclampsia can pose serious health risks to both the mother and the baby and requires immediate medical attention.

Choice C reason: Frequent urination is a common symptom in the later stages of pregnancy due to the pressure the growing baby exerts on the bladder. This symptom alone does not indicate an immediate need for hospital evaluation.

Choice D reason: Having 4 to 5 contractions in an hour at 37 weeks of pregnancy can be a sign of early labor. However, unless the contractions are persistent and intensifying, this may not necessitate an immediate hospital referral. The nurse would likely advise the patient to monitor the contractions and come in if they continue or become stronger.

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The nurse is caring for a child diagnosed with Tetralogy of Fallot who has positioned themselves in a squatting position. The nurse understands this position:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for infants with the following conditions. Which infants would be at risk for failure to thrive? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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