The nurse is assessing a patient with chronic hypertension whose blood pressure has been 160/90 for the last three clinic visits. What new symptom indicates that the patient may be experiencing target organ damage?

Muscle cramps

Bounding pulses

Vision changes

Increased energy

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Muscle cramps: While muscle cramps can occur with hypertension, they are not specific indicators of target organ damage. Muscle cramps are more commonly associated with electrolyte imbalances or peripheral vascular disease.

B. Bounding pulses: Bounding pulses can indicate increased stroke volume and cardiac output, which may occur in response to chronic hypertension. However, they are not direct indicators of target organ damage.

C. Vision changes: Vision changes, such as blurred vision or vision loss, can be indicative of hypertensive retinopathy, a complication of chronic hypertension affecting the blood vessels in the retina. These changes may manifest as decreased visual acuity, floaters, or even sudden vision loss and are considered signs of target organ damage.

D. Increased energy: Increased energy is not typically associated with target organ damage in the context of chronic hypertension. It may be a result of various factors unrelated to hypertension, such as improved sleep quality or changes in lifestyle habits.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Diarrhea: Diarrhea is not a common side effect of metoprolol, a beta-blocker medication commonly used to treat hypertension. While gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea or constipation may occur, diarrhea is not typically associated with metoprolol use.

B. Insomnia: Insomnia, or difficulty falling or staying asleep, is a potential side effect of metoprolol. Beta-blockers like metoprolol may interfere with sleep patterns in some individuals, leading to insomnia. It is important for the nurse to assess the patient for changes in sleep patterns while taking metoprolol.

C. Urinary retention: Urinary retention, or the inability to completely empty the bladder, is not a common side effect of metoprolol. In fact, beta-blockers like metoprolol are more likely to cause urinary frequency or urgency rather than retention.

D. Gum changes: Gum changes, such as gingival hyperplasia, are not typically associated with metoprolol use. This side effect is more commonly associated with certain other medications, such as calcium channel blockers or anticonvulsants.

Correct Answer is ["200"]

Explanation

Infusion rate (mL/hr) = 100/30 × 60

Infusion rate (mL/hr) = 100/30 × 60 = 200

Therefore, the nurse should set the IV pump to deliver 200 mL/hr.

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The nurse is assessing a patient with chronic hypertension whose blood pressure has been 160/90 for the last three clinic visits. What new symptom indicates that the patient may be experiencing target organ damage?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a patient who has been taking metoprolol as a second medication to control hypertension. The nurse will assess for which side effect?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["200"]

Explanation

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