The nurse is assessing a client presenting with diazepam intoxication.
What signs and symptoms are consistent with benzodiazepine intoxication? Select all that apply.

Use them only as a last resort after attempting alternatives and get an order to do so. This is because restraints are used to protect persons from harming themselves or others, but they can also cause injuries, falls, and death. Therefore, they should be used only when less restrictive measures fail to protect the person or others, and only with informed consent and a doctor’s order.

Choice A is wrong because restraints should not be secured to the bed rails, but to the movable part of the bed frame out of the person’s reach.

This prevents the person from getting entangled or injured by the restraints.

Choice B is wrong because restraints should not be used for staff convenience or to control or prevent a behavior. They should be used only for the immediate physical safety of the person or others.

Choice C is wrong because restraints should not be applied to clients who have a history of violence or a previous fall for everyone’s protection. They should be used only when there is a clear and present danger of harm to the person or others.

Normal ranges for restraints are:

• Check the person at least every 15 minutes
• Remove restraints and meet basic needs at least every 2 hours
• Apply restraints so that they are snug but allow enough room to fit one finger between the restraint and the wrist

“I can’t promise that the information won’t be shared if your health or safety is involved.” This response by the nurse would be appropriate because it respects the client’s confidentiality while also acknowledging its limits of it. The nurse has a duty to report any information that may indicate a risk of harm to the client or others.

Choice A is wrong because it dismisses the client’s need to share something and implies that the nurse is not interested or trustworthy.

Choice B is wrong because it gives a false assurance of confidentiality and may lead to ethical dilemmas if the client reveals something that requires reporting.

Choice C is wrong because it does not address the issue of confidentiality and may give the impression that the nurse is trying to avoid the conversation.