The nurse identifies that which of the following clients is at risk for developing metabolic acidosis? (Select All That Apply)

The client who takes medications for occasional anxiety

The client admitted with a mild pleural effusion

The client who has had diarrhea for the past 48 hours

The client admitted with an acute renal injury

The client admitted for treatment of asthmatic bronchitis

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D

A. The client who takes medications for occasional anxiety: Anxiety medications are not typically associated with metabolic acidosis.
B. The client admitted with a mild pleural effusion: A mild pleural effusion is more related to fluid accumulation and respiratory issues rather than metabolic acidosis.
C. The client who has had diarrhea for the past 48 hours: Prolonged diarrhea can lead to loss of bicarbonate, resulting in metabolic acidosis.
D. The client admitted with an acute renal injury: Acute renal injury impairs the kidneys' ability to excrete acids and can lead to metabolic acidosis.
E. The client admitted for treatment of asthmatic bronchitis: Asthmatic bronchitis typically involves respiratory issues rather than metabolic acidosis.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Muscle cramps: Muscle cramps can occur due to electrolyte imbalances, such as low potassium, which are common in states of dehydration and fluid imbalance.
B. Bradycardia: Bradycardia is not typically associated with dehydration or fluid imbalance. Dehydration usually causes an increase in heart rate (tachycardia) as the body tries to maintain adequate circulation.
C. Concentrated urine: Concentrated urine is a common sign of dehydration as the kidneys conserve water, leading to reduced urine output and higher urine concentration.
D. Tachycardia: Tachycardia is a compensatory mechanism in response to decreased fluid volume, as the heart pumps faster to maintain adequate blood flow and blood pressure.
E. Increased thirst: Increased thirst is a natural response to dehydration as the body signals the need for more fluid intake to correct the fluid imbalance.

A. Serum glucose of 118 mg/dL B. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 16 mg/dL C. Serum sodium of 130 mEq/L D. Serum potassium of 3.9 mEq/L

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Serum glucose of 118 mg/dL: This value is slightly above the normal range but not critically elevated; it does not typically require immediate notification to the surgeon.
B. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 16 mg/dL: This BUN level is within the normal range and does not suggest an immediate concern for surgical risk.
C. Serum sodium of 130 mEq/L: A serum sodium level of 130 mEq/L indicates hyponatremia, which can lead to serious complications including neurological symptoms and should be addressed prior to surgery.
D. Serum potassium of 3.9 mEq/L: This level is within the normal range and does not require immediate action related to surgery.

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The nurse identifies that which of the following clients is at risk for developing metabolic acidosis? (Select All That Apply)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

The nurse is reviewing serum laboratory values for a client who is scheduled for surgery tomorrow. Which value requires the nurse to promptly notify the surgeon?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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