The difference in an area with high concentration and an area with low concentration is called
The variant.
The concentration gradient.
Level gradient.
The osmotic pressure.
Turgid pressure.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale: The variant is a term used to describe a viral genome that may contain one or more mutations. It is not related to the difference in concentration between two areas. ³
Choice B rationale: The concentration gradient is the correct term for the difference in concentration between two areas. It is a measure of how steep the change in concentration is. ¹
Choice C rationale: Level gradient is not a term used in biology or chemistry. It may refer to the slope of a surface or a line, but not to the concentration of solutes in a solution.
Choice D rationale: The osmotic pressure is the minimum pressure required to prevent the flow of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane. It depends on the concentration of solute particles in the solution and is calculated with the formula π = iCRT. It is not the same as the concentration gradient, although it is related to it. ⁴
Choice E rationale: Turgid pressure is the force exerted by stored water against a cell wall. It is caused by the osmotic flow of water and occurs in plants, fungi, and bacteria. It is also called hydrostatic pressure and affects cell growth, movement, and dispersal. It is not the same as the concentration gradient, although it is influenced by it. ⁵
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale: A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration than the potato cell, which means it has a lower water potential. Water will move out of the potato cell by osmosis, causing it to shrink and become soft and limp.
Choice B rationale: A hypotonic solution has a lower solute concentration than the potato cell, which means it has a higher water potential. Water will move into the potato cell by osmosis, causing it to swell and become turgid and firm.
Choice C rationale: An isotonic solution has the same solute concentration as the potato cell, which means it has the same water potential. Water will move in and out of the potato cell at the same rate, causing it to remain unchanged in size and shape.
Choice D rationale: Tonic is not a valid term to describe the solute concentration of a solution. The correct terms are hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic.
Choice E rationale: I cannot determine anything without comparing multiple solutions is incorrect because the appearance of the potato slice after soaking in the solution provides enough information to determine the relative solute concentration of the solution.
Correct Answer is E
Explanation
Choice A rationale: Albumin solution is not a negative control, but a positive control for the test for protein. Albumin is a type of protein that reacts with the biuret reagent and produces a violet color. A positive control is used to confirm that the test works and gives a positive result when the substance is present³.
Choice B rationale: Starch solution is not a negative control, but a positive control for the test for starch. Starch is a type of carbohydrate that reacts with the iodine solution and produces a blue-black color. A positive control is used to confirm that the test works and gives a positive result when the substance is present³.
Choice C rationale: Glucose solution is not a negative control, but a positive control for the test for sugar. Glucose is a type of sugar that reacts with the Benedict's solution and produces a red-orange color. A positive control is used to confirm that the test works and gives a positive result when the substance is present³.
Choice D rationale: Olive oil is not a negative control, but a positive control for the test for lipids. Olive oil is a type of lipid that reacts with the Sudan III solution and produces a red color. A positive control is used to confirm that the test works and gives a positive result when the substance is present³.
Choice E rationale: Distilled water is a negative control for the tests for protein, lipids, sugars, and starch. Distilled water is a pure solvent that does not contain any of these substances. It does not react with any of the reagents and does not produce any color change. A negative control is used to confirm that there is no response to the reagent or the microorganism used in the test. It is used to set the baseline and verify that the detecting reagent is working properly³.
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