One difference between adult and pediatric heart disease is
Adult heart disease causes volume overload and pediatric heart disease does not
Adult heart disease is usually acquired and pediatric heart disease is usually congenital
Heart failure does not occur in adult heart disease but it does occur in pediatric heart disease
Digoxin is used for adults and not children
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: This is not a good choice. Adult heart disease can cause volume overload, but so can pediatric heart disease. Volume overload is a condition where the heart has to pump more blood than normal, which can lead to heart failure and pulmonary edema. Volume overload can be caused by various factors, such as valvular defects, hypertension, or anemia.
Choice B reason: This is the correct choice. Adult heart disease is usually acquired, meaning that it develops over time due to factors such as aging, lifestyle, or infection. Pediatric heart disease is usually congenital, meaning that it is present at birth due to genetic or environmental factors that affect the development of the heart.
Choice C reason: This is not a good choice. Heart failure can occur in both adult and pediatric heart disease. Heart failure is a condition where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, which can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and edema. Heart failure can be caused by various factors, such as coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, or arrhythmias.
Choice D reason: This is not a good choice. Digoxin is a drug that can be used for both adults and children with heart disease. Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside that increases the force and efficiency of the heart contractions, slows down the heart rate, and improves the symptoms of heart failure. Digoxin can be used for conditions such as atrial fibrillation, heart failure, or congenital heart defects. However, digoxin has a narrow therapeutic range and requires careful monitoring of the blood levels and the patient's response.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Somnolence, hypotension, and oliguria are signs of decompensated shock, which occurs when the body's compensatory mechanisms fail to maintain adequate tissue perfusion.
Choice B reason: Irritability, tachypnea, and hypotension are also signs of decompensated shock, as the respiratory rate increases to compensate for the low blood pressure and oxygen delivery.
Choice C reason: Irritability, capillary refill time > 2 seconds, and bradycardia are not typical signs of compensated shock, as the heart rate usually increases to maintain cardiac output and blood pressure.
Choice D reason: Irritability, tachycardia, and poor peripheral perfusion are signs of compensated shock, which occurs when the body tries to maintain adequate tissue perfusion by increasing the heart rate, constricting the peripheral blood vessels, and shunting blood to the vital organs.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is incorrect because breastmilk does contain some iron, although not as much as formula. However, the iron in breastmilk is more bioavailable and easily absorbed by the infant. Therefore, iron drops are not necessary for exclusively breast-fed infants until they are 4 to 6 months old.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect because the iron levels of breast-fed infants will start to decline after 4 to 6 months of age, as their iron stores from the mother are used up. Therefore, they will need iron supplementation from other sources, such as iron-fortified cereals or drops.
Choice C reason: This is correct because the iron stores of breast-fed infants are sufficient for the first 4 to 6 months of life, but then they will need additional iron from other sources. Iron supplementation can prevent or treat iron deficiency anemia, which can affect the infant's growth and development.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect because solids are not recommended for infants younger than 4 months of age, as their digestive system is not mature enough to handle them. Solids can also interfere with the intake of breastmilk, which is the main source of nutrition for infants. Iron-rich foods can be introduced after 6 months of age, along with continued breast-feeding.
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