An 8-year-old who is receiving treatment for nephrotic syndrome should have a plan of care for the reduction of the risk for which complication?
Infection.
Hypertension.
Weight loss.
Hyperkalemia.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Children with nephrotic syndrome are at an increased risk of infection due to loss of immunoglobulins and other immune-related proteins in the urine, along with the use of immunosuppressive medications. The proteinuria associated with nephrotic syndrome leads to hypoalbuminemia and decreased immunity, making the child susceptible to infections, particularly bacterial peritonitis. Preventive measures include proper hand hygiene, maintaining a clean environment, and timely administration of prescribed antibiotics.
Choice B rationale:
Hypertension is not a primary complication of nephrotic syndrome in children. While they may have fluid retention and edema, resulting in increased blood pressure, infection is a more significant concern.
Choice C rationale:
Weight loss is not a typical complication of nephrotic syndrome but rather the opposite. Children with nephrotic syndrome often experience weight gain due to fluid retention and edema.
Choice D rationale:
Hyperkalemia is a possible electrolyte imbalance in nephrotic syndrome, but it is not a primary concern for children with this condition. The loss of protein in the urine can lead to hypoalbuminemia and subsequent edema, but hyperkalemia is not a common initial complication.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Neck vein distention might be seen in conditions affecting venous return to the heart, such as heart failure, but it's not a specific symptom of closed head injury.
Choice B rationale:
Fixed, dilated pupils are a classic sign of increased intracranial pressure. The pressure can compress the cranial nerves, leading to changes in pupillary size and reactivity.
Choice C rationale:
Shortness of breath is more related to respiratory issues and might not be directly linked to a closed head injury.
Choice D rationale:
Glycosuria, the presence of glucose in the urine, is not a primary symptom of closed head injury. It could be related to diabetes or other metabolic conditions.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Pancreatic enzymes are used to aid in digestion and are not known to interact significantly with serum creatinine levels. Therefore, they are unlikely to be contraindicated based solely on an elevated serum creatinine level.
Choice B rationale:
Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that is primarily eliminated by the kidneys. Elevated serum creatinine levels indicate potential renal impairment, which could lead to reduced drug clearance and an increased risk of gentamicin toxicity, including nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. Consulting the health care provider before administering gentamicin is important to ensure the appropriateness of the medication dosage and regimen.
Choice C rationale:
Albuterol is a bronchodilator commonly used to treat respiratory conditions. Serum creatinine levels are not directly related to albuterol administration. It is unlikely that an elevated serum creatinine level would significantly affect the administration of albuterol.
Choice D rationale:
Carbenicillin is an antibiotic that is excreted through the kidneys. While renal function may impact the dosing of carbenicillin, an elevated serum creatinine level alone may not necessarily warrant consultation with the health care provider. Other factors such as the severity of renal impairment and the patient's overall condition would need to be considered.
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