After a diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD), the client was started on epoetin. Which finding indicates that the medication has been effective?

Increase in serum hematocrit.

Increase in serum calcium.

Decrease in serum creatinine levels.

Decrease in blood pressure.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: An increase in serum hematocrit indicates that epoetin has been effective. Epoetin, also known as erythropoietin, is a medication used to stimulate the production of red blood cells. In patients with chronic kidney disease, the kidneys may not produce enough natural erythropoietin, leading to anemia. By administering epoetin, the goal is to increase red blood cell production, which is reflected in higher hematocrit levels (the proportion of red blood cells in the blood).

Choice B reason: An increase in serum calcium is not related to the effectiveness of epoetin. Serum calcium levels are regulated by different mechanisms, including parathyroid hormone and vitamin D, and are not directly influenced by epoetin administration.

Choice C reason: A decrease in serum creatinine levels would indicate improved kidney function, but this is not the expected outcome of epoetin therapy. Epoetin specifically targets red blood cell production and does not have a direct impact on kidney function or creatinine levels.

Choice D reason: A decrease in blood pressure is also not an expected indicator of epoetin effectiveness. While managing blood pressure is important in chronic kidney disease, epoetin's primary role is to address anemia by stimulating red blood cell production. Blood pressure regulation involves other medications and interventions.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Initiating a bowel regimen program is essential to avoid constipation, which can be a trigger for autonomic dysreflexia in patients with spinal cord injuries. Ensuring regular bowel movements helps prevent the discomfort and complications that can lead to this potentially life-threatening condition.

Choice B reason: Applying tight-fitting clothing is contraindicated as it can cause skin irritation, pressure sores, and other discomforts that could trigger autonomic dysreflexia. Loose and comfortable clothing is recommended to prevent these issues.

Choice C reason: Completing frequent skin checks is crucial for detecting and preventing pressure ulcers, skin infections, and other skin conditions that can act as noxious stimuli, triggering autonomic dysreflexia. Regular skin assessments help ensure early identification and management of potential issues.

Choice D reason: Restricting all patient visitors is not necessary for preventing autonomic dysreflexia. While it is important to manage the patient's environment and stress levels, complete visitor restriction is not a standard intervention for this condition.

Choice E reason: Inserting an indwelling Foley catheter is beneficial for managing bladder function and preventing urinary retention, a common trigger for autonomic dysreflexia. Continuous bladder drainage helps prevent distention and the subsequent risk of triggering this condition.

A. Analgesic properties without sedation. B. Vasoconstriction and improved blood flow. C. Platelet inhibition to reduce clot formation. D. Cardiotonic properties and improved contraction.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Aspirin does have analgesic properties, which help relieve pain. However, this is not the primary reason for its administration in the context of angina-like chest pain. The analgesic effect of aspirin without sedation is more relevant in the management of general pain or headaches.

Choice B reason: Vasoconstriction and improved blood flow are not effects of aspirin. In fact, aspirin's mechanism of action involves preventing platelet aggregation, which can indirectly improve blood flow by reducing the risk of clot formation. Vasoconstriction is not an effect associated with aspirin.

Choice C reason: The primary rationale for administering aspirin to a client with angina-like chest pain is its antiplatelet effect. Aspirin inhibits platelet aggregation, reducing the risk of clot formation. This is crucial in preventing further blockage of coronary arteries, which can exacerbate angina or lead to myocardial infarction.

Choice D reason: Cardiotonic properties and improved contraction are not associated with aspirin. Cardiotonic drugs enhance the strength of the heart's contractions, which is not an action of aspirin. Aspirin's role in this context is to prevent platelet aggregation and reduce the risk of clot-related complications.

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After a diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD), the client was started on epoetin. Which finding indicates that the medication has been effective?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a mechanically ventilated spinal cord injury patient in the ICU. To avoid the complication of autonomic dysreflexia, the nurse plans to implement the following orders: Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

The nurse correlates which rationale with the administration of aspirin to the client experiencing angina-like chest pain?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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