A patient who has recently begun taking captopril (Capoten) to treat HTN calls a clinic to report a persistent cough.
The nurse will perform which action?

Reassure the client that this is nothing to worry about and will diminish over time.

Tell the patient to stop taking the drug immediately as this is a serious side effect of the drug.

Schedule an appointment with the provider to discuss changing to an ARB.

Instruct the patient to go to the emergency room immediately as this is a hypersensitivity reaction.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

Reassuring the client without addressing the persistent cough would not be appropriate as it may signal a need for a different medication. The ACE inhibitor captopril can cause a bothersome, persistent cough in some patients due to increased bradykinin levels.

Choice B rationale

Instructing the patient to stop the medication immediately is not advised without consulting the healthcare provider. While the cough is a known side effect, stopping the medication abruptly may lead to unmanaged hypertension.

Choice C rationale

Scheduling an appointment with the provider to discuss changing to an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) is appropriate. ARBs do not typically cause a persistent cough, making them a suitable alternative for patients who experience this side effect with ACE inhibitors.

Choice D rationale

Instructing the patient to go to the emergency room immediately is unnecessary as the persistent cough is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors and not an emergency situation. Emergency action is warranted for symptoms of angioedema, such as swelling of the face or throat.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Constipation can be a side effect of Parkinson's disease and dopaminergic medications, but it is not a primary safety concern compared to the risk of injury.

Choice B rationale

Risk for injuries related to cardiovascular effects and peripheral vascular disease is a concern, but the risk of orthostatic hypotension presents a more immediate danger for falls.

Choice C rationale

Parkinson's disease and its treatments can cause orthostatic hypotension, significantly increasing the risk of falls and injury. This risk needs to be carefully managed in the patient's care plan.

Choice D rationale

Diarrhea is not commonly associated with Parkinson's disease or its treatments. Constipation is more prevalent due to both the disease and dopaminergic medication effects.

A. A coronary vessel has become completely occluded and is unable to deliver blood to the heart. B. The pain is caused by a spasm of a blood vessel not just by the vessel narrowing. C. Your body response to a lack of oxygen in the heart muscle is pain. D. There is a serious narrowing of a coronary artery that is causing a reduction in oxygen to the heart.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

This choice is incorrect. A complete occlusion of a coronary vessel results in a myocardial infarction (heart attack), not unstable angina. Unstable angina occurs when there is a significant narrowing or partial blockage of a coronary artery, leading to reduced blood flow and oxygen supply to the heart muscle, causing pain or discomfort. Complete occlusion would cause permanent damage to the heart muscle, which is not the case with unstable angina.

Choice B rationale

This choice is correct. While unstable angina is mainly caused by narrowing of the coronary arteries, it can also be caused by a spasm of the blood vessel. This spasm, also known as vasospasm, reduces the amount of blood flow to the heart muscle, resulting in pain. These spasms can occur even if the coronary arteries do not have significant plaque buildup, adding another layer of complexity to the condition.

Choice C rationale

This choice is partially correct. The body’s response to a lack of oxygen (ischemia) in the heart muscle does result in pain, known as angina. However, this choice does not fully capture the specific nature of unstable angina, which involves episodes of pain that occur more frequently and are more severe than those associated with stable angina, and can occur at rest or with minimal exertion, indicating a higher risk for a heart attack.

Choice D rationale

This choice is correct. Unstable angina is characterized by a serious narrowing of a coronary artery that reduces oxygen supply to the heart. This narrowing is typically due to atherosclerotic plaque and can be complicated by blood clots or spasms. Unlike stable angina, the pain of unstable angina is more unpredictable and can occur without a triggering factor like exercise or stress, signaling a higher risk of a heart attack.

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A patient who has recently begun taking captopril (Capoten) to treat HTN calls a clinic to report a persistent cough.The nurse will perform which action?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a patient with Parkinson's Disease.While writing the care plan for the patient, what would be an appropriate diagnosis?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is providing patient teaching to a patient who has been experiencing unstable angina.What will the nurse’s explanation of this condition include?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A patient who has recently begun taking captopril (Capoten) to treat HTN calls a clinic to report a persistent cough.
The nurse will perform which action?