A nurse-manager describes this process for IV insertions on a surgical unit: "We began requiring RNs to cleanse all peripheral insertion sites with both alcohol and an iodine-based cleanser before starting an IV because several multi-institutional studies found a statistically significant decrease in IV-related septicaemia rates for surgical clients when both alcohol and iodine were used as cleansers as compared with those who had alcohol-only cleansing prior to IV insertions."
Evidence-based practice.
Standards-related process.
Theory-based practice.
Outcome-oriented process.
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is Choice A.
Choice A rationale: The nurse-manager’s process for IV insertions on a surgical unit is an example of Evidence-based practice. Evidence-based practice (EBP) is the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients. In this case, the nurse-manager is using the findings from several multi-institutional studies as the basis for their decision to require RNs to cleanse all peripheral insertion sites with both alcohol and an iodine-based cleanser before starting an IV. This practice was adopted because the studies found a statistically significant decrease in IV-related septicaemia rates for surgical clients when both alcohol and iodine were used as cleansers as compared with those who had alcohol-only cleansing prior to IV insertions. This is a clear example of using current best evidence to guide practice, which is the essence of EBP.
Choice B rationale: While standards-related processes are important in healthcare, they are not the primary focus in this scenario. Standards-related processes typically involve following established guidelines or protocols that have been set by a governing body or institution. In this case, the nurse-manager is not simply following a standard process, but is instead using evidence from research to inform their practice. Therefore, this is not the best answer.
Choice C rationale: Theory-based practice involves using nursing theories to guide care and practice. While theories can be used in conjunction with evidence-based practice, the nurse-manager in this scenario is not explicitly using a nursing theory to guide their decision-making process. Instead, they are using evidence from research studies. Therefore, this is not the best answer.
Choice D rationale: Outcome-oriented processes focus on the results or outcomes of care. While the nurse-manager is certainly interested in improving outcomes (in this case, reducing IV-related septicaemia rates), the focus in this scenario is more on the use of evidence to guide practice rather than on the outcomes themselves. Therefore, this is not the best answer.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Articles describing findings from peer-reviewed research studies are the most current and relevant source of information for the nursing staff who want to conduct a study aimed at reducing the rate of nosocomial infections on their unit. Peer-reviewed research studies are original investigations that have been evaluated and approved by experts in the field before publication. They provide the most reliable and valid evidence for nursing practice and research. They also help the nursing staff to identify gaps in knowledge, formulate research questions, design appropriate methods, and interpret results.
The other options are not correct because:
Medical-surgical nursing textbooks published within the past year may provide some general information about nosocomial infections and their prevention, but they are not the most current and relevant source of information for the nursing staff who want to conduct a study. Textbooks are often based on summaries of existing literature and may not reflect the latest evidence or innovations in practice. They also may not address the specific problem or population of interest for the nursing staff.
Hospital infection commitee meeting minutes from the past six months may provide some information about the current policies and procedures related to nosocomial infections in the hospital, but they are not the most current and relevant source of information for the nursing staff who want to conduct a study. Meeting minutes are often brief and incomplete records of discussions and decisions that may not capture the rationale or evidence behind them. They also may not address the specific problem or population of interest for the nursing staff.
Best practice recommendations from trusted professional webpages may provide some information about the current standards and guidelines for nosocomial infection prevention and control, but they are not the most current and relevant source of information for the nursing staff who want to conduct a study. Best practice recommendations are often based on systematic reviews or consensus statements that synthesize existing evidence and expert opinions. They may not reflect the most recent or emerging evidence or innovations in practice. They also may not address the specific problem or population of interest for the nursing staff.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Discussion.
This is incorrect. The discussion section interprets the findings, explains their significance, and connects them to the broader context of the study. While this sentence describes findings, it does not analyze or interpret them, which would be characteristic of the discussion section.
B. Review of the literature.
This is incorrect. The review of the literature summarizes existing research and provides a foundation for the current study. This sentence reports new findings from the study, not prior research.
C. Methodology.
This is incorrect. The methodology section describes how the study was conducted, including details about participants, procedures, and data collection methods. It does not report findings.
D. Results.
This is correct. The results section presents the data and findings of the study without interpretation. The sentence describes a pattern of distress levels over time, which is a direct presentation of the study's findings.
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