A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client suspected to have liver cirrhosis. Which finding should the nurse expect to be elevated, indicating impaired liver function?
Serum albumin levels
Prothrombin time (PT)
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels
Total bilirubin levels
The Correct Answer is D
A) Serum albumin is a protein synthesized by the liver, and its levels are often decreased in advanced liver cirrhosis due to impaired liver function. However, the question asks for an elevated finding, not a decreased one.
B) Prothrombin time (PT) measures the time it takes for blood to clot. In liver cirrhosis, PT is often prolonged due to impaired liver function and reduced production of clotting factors. However, the question asks for an elevated finding, not a prolonged one.
C) Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is an enzyme found in the liver and other organs. While AST levels may be elevated in liver cirrhosis, it is not a specific marker for liver cirrhosis, and its elevation can occur in various liver diseases and conditions.
D) In liver cirrhosis, impaired liver function leads to reduced clearance of bilirubin, resulting in elevated total bilirubin levels in the blood. Elevated bilirubin is a common finding in liver cirrhosis and can contribute to jaundice.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Restricting fluid intake is not appropriate for managing ascites in clients with liver cirrhosis. Ascites occurs due to fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity and is not primarily influenced by oral fluid intake.
B) Encouraging a high-sodium diet is contraindicated in clients with ascites. High sodium intake can exacerbate fluid retention and worsen ascites. Instead, clients with ascites should be on a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid accumulation.
C) In a client with liver cirrhosis experiencing fluid retention and abdominal distension due to ascites, paracentesis is an essential intervention to drain the accumulated ascitic fluid from the abdominal cavity. Paracentesis helps to relieve discomfort, improve respiratory function, and reduce intra-abdominal pressure.
D) Diuretics are used in the management of ascites to promote urine output and reduce fluid retention. However, paracentesis is a more immediate intervention for relieving discomfort and removing a large volume of ascitic fluid.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Hemochromatosis is a genetic disorder characterized by excessive iron absorption from the diet, leading to the accumulation of iron in various organs, including the liver. In individuals with hemochromatosis, the excess iron can cause liver cell injury and lead to cirrhosis over time.
B) Wilson's disease is a genetic disorder that causes impaired copper metabolism, leading to copper accumulation in the liver and other organs. While it can lead to liver damage, it is not associated with elevated iron levels.
C) Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is a genetic disorder that affects the lungs and liver. It can lead to liver disease, but it does not cause elevated iron levels.
D) Primary biliary cholangitis is an autoimmune liver disease that primarily affects the small bile ducts within the liver. While it can lead to liver damage and cirrhosis, it is not associated with elevated iron levels.
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