A nurse is reviewing the electronic health record (EHR) of a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings in the client EHR should the nurse identify as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus?

BMI 32

Alcohol use

Age 35 years

Medical history of asthma

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. BMI 32: A BMI of 30 or higher indicates obesity, which is a major risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Excess body fat, especially abdominal fat, contributes to insulin resistance, increasing the likelihood of diabetes.

B. Alcohol use: While excessive alcohol intake can affect overall health, moderate alcohol consumption is not a primary direct risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Other factors like obesity and sedentary lifestyle have a stronger association.

C. Age 35 years: Advancing age increases diabetes risk, but significant age-related risk typically rises after age 45. At 35 years old, age alone is not considered a major risk factor without additional contributing conditions.

D. Medical history of asthma: Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition but is not recognized as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The primary risk factors involve metabolic, genetic, and lifestyle components rather than respiratory history.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "If I have a health care proxy, then I do not need to have a living will.": A health care proxy and a living will serve different purposes. A living will outlines specific treatment preferences, while a health care proxy designates someone to make decisions. Having one does not eliminate the benefit or need for the other.

B. "My health care proxy designee is not able to sign a consent form on my behalf.": The designee named in a health care proxy is specifically authorized to make healthcare decisions, including signing consent forms, if the client becomes unable to do so themselves.

C. "I do not need to name a relative as my designee in my health care proxy.": A client can choose any competent adult they trust to act as their healthcare proxy; it does not have to be a relative. This flexibility allows clients to select someone they believe will best honor their wishes.

D. "Once my health care proxy is in place, I relinquish my right to make my own decisions.": Having a health care proxy does not remove the client's decision-making rights. The proxy only takes effect if the client becomes unable to make or communicate their own healthcare decisions.

A. "Use sunglasses if your eyes are sensitive to light." B. "Continue eating foods with protein." C. "Remain on bedrest for 3 to 5 days following discharge." D. "You need to support your neck when coughing or moving E. "You will no longer need to take any medications for your thyroid now that you have had surgery."

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

"Use sunglasses if your eyes are sensitive to light.": After thyroid surgery, especially if the client has Graves’ disease and associated exophthalmos, the eyes may remain sensitive to light. Wearing sunglasses helps protect the eyes from irritation and prevents further discomfort while healing progresses.
"Continue eating foods with protein.": Maintaining adequate protein intake is important for healing after surgery. Protein supports tissue repair, immune function, and recovery, making it an essential part of the client’s postoperative nutrition plan.
"Remain on bedrest for 3 to 5 days following discharge.": Prolonged bedrest after thyroid surgery is not recommended. Early ambulation helps prevent complications such as blood clots and promotes recovery. Clients are usually encouraged to resume light activities shortly after surgery.
"You need to support your neck when coughing or moving.": After thyroidectomy, supporting the neck when coughing, sneezing, or repositioning helps protect the surgical site, reduces strain on the incision, and minimizes discomfort, promoting safer healing.
"You will no longer need to take any medications for your thyroid now that you have had surgery.": This is incorrect because many clients require lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy after a thyroidectomy to maintain normal metabolic function, depending on how much thyroid tissue was removed.

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Area assessed	Findings
Neurological	Drowsy but easy to arouse
Vital Signs	Temperature 35.3°C (95.5° F) Heart rate 60/min Respiratory rate 16/min Blood pressure 90/60 mm Hg Oxygen saturation 94% (oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula) Rates pain as 1 on 0/10 pain scale.
Integumentary	Skin cool and moist to touch.
Cardiopulmonary	Heart rate regular. Pedal pulse +1 bilateral. Lungs clear bilateral. Respirations even, nonlabored.
Abdomen	Abdomen soft, nondistended. Bowel sounds hypoactive in all four quadrants. 2x2 gauze with a clear transparent dressing intact to right lower and upper abdominal quadrant. Moderate amount of sanguineous drainage noted on the lower dressing

A nurse is reviewing the electronic health record (EHR) of a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings in the client EHR should the nurse identify as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about advance directives and a health care proxy. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse has reviewed the Vital Signs at 1000. Which of the following statements should the nurse include when reinforcing teaching to the client following the procedure? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

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