A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching about improving gas exchange with a client who has emphysema. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Use pursed-lip breathing during periods of dyspnea.
Limit fluid intake to 1,500 ml per day.
Practice chest breathing each day.
Wear home oxygen to maintain an SpO2 of at least 94%.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: This is the correct information, because pursed-lip breathing can help improve gas exchange by creating positive pressure in the airways, preventing air trapping and alveolar collapse, and increasing the exhalation time.
Choice B reason: This is an incorrect information, because limiting fluid intake to 1,500 ml per day can cause dehydration and thickening of the respiratory secretions, which can impair gas exchange and increase the risk of infection.
Choice C reason: This is an incorrect information, because practicing chest breathing each day can worsen gas exchange by increasing the use of accessory muscles, decreasing the diaphragmatic excursion, and reducing the lung expansion.
Choice D reason: This is an incorrect information, because wearing home oxygen to maintain an SpO2 of at least 94% can be harmful for a client who has emphysema, as it can suppress the hypoxic drive and cause carbon dioxide retention, which can lead to respiratory acidosis and coma. The client who has emphysema should wear home oxygen to maintain an SpO2 of 88% to 92%, or as prescribed by the provider.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: A cholesterol level of 195 mg/dL is not an increased risk for atherosclerosis, because it is within the normal range of less than 200 mg/dL. Cholesterol is a type of fat that circulates in the blood and can contribute to plaque formation in the arteries.
Choice B reason: Elevated HDL levels are not an increased risk for atherosclerosis, because HDL stands for high-density lipoprotein, which is the "good" cholesterol that helps to remove excess cholesterol from the blood and prevent plaque formation in the arteries.
Choice C reason: Elevated LDL levels are an increased risk for atherosclerosis, because LDL stands for low-density lipoprotein, which is the "bad" cholesterol that can deposit in the arterial walls and cause plaque formation and narrowing of the arteries.
Choice D reason: A triglyceride level of 135 mg/dL is not an increased risk for atherosclerosis, because it is within the normal range of less than 150 mg/dL. Triglycerides are another type of fat that circulates in the blood and can contribute to plaque formation in the arteries.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is an incorrect intervention, because ambulating the client every 1 hr can increase the oxygen demand and worsen the sickling of the red blood cells.
Choice B reason: This is an incorrect intervention, because applying cold compresses to painful joints can cause vasoconstriction and reduce the blood flow to the affected areas.
Choice C reason: This is an incorrect intervention, because withholding opioids until the crisis is resolved can cause unnecessary suffering and increase the stress response, which can trigger more sickling.
Choice D reason: This is the correct intervention, because administering oxygen via nasal cannula can improve the oxygen saturation and prevent further sickling of the red blood cells.
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