A nurse is providing nutrition teaching for a client who has hypertension. Which of the following foods should the nurse suggest the client include in their diet?
Red meat
Canned black beans
Fish
Cheese
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. Red meat: Red meat is often high in saturated fat and cholesterol, which can contribute to hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Regular consumption may increase blood pressure and arterial stiffness, so clients with hypertension should limit or avoid it.
B. Canned black beans: Although beans are generally healthy, canned varieties are often high in sodium, which can worsen hypertension. Unless the beans are labeled low-sodium or rinsed thoroughly before eating, they can contribute to elevated blood pressure.
C. Fish: Fish, especially fatty varieties like salmon or mackerel, are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which support cardiovascular health by reducing inflammation and improving lipid profiles. Including fish in the diet promotes heart health and helps manage blood pressure effectively.
D. Cheese: Cheese contains significant amounts of sodium and saturated fat, both of which can increase blood pressure and cardiovascular risk. Clients with hypertension should consume cheese in moderation or select low-sodium, low-fat varieties when possible.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. "Massage the ointment into the skin.": The ointment should not be massaged into the skin because doing so alters the absorption rate and can cause unpredictable vasodilation and hypotension.
B. "Spread the ointment in a thin, even layer.": The nurse should instruct the client to apply the prescribed amount of nitroglycerin ointment in a thin, even layer to a hairless area of the upper body or chest. This ensures consistent absorption of the medication.
C. "Apply the ointment to the forearm.": The forearm is not a recommended site for application. The preferred areas are the chest, back, or upper arm where the skin is less likely to be disturbed and has better absorption.
D. "Apply the ointment to the skin every 4 hr.": Nitroglycerin ointment is usually applied every 6 to 12 hours depending on the prescription, with a nitrate-free interval to prevent tolerance. Every 4 hours is not standard practice.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. "Store and eat luncheon deli meats cold while pregnant.": Cold deli meats can harbor Listeria monocytogenes, which can cause listeriosis and increase the risk of miscarriage or fetal infection. Pregnant clients should heat deli meats until steaming before consumption to reduce this risk.
B. "Wash all fruits thoroughly before consumption during pregnancy.": Washing fruits removes dirt, bacteria, and potential contaminants such as Listeria or Toxoplasma, reducing the risk of food-borne illness. This is a key preventive measure for maintaining maternal and fetal health.
C. "Consumption of raw fish is safe during pregnancy if done in moderation.": Raw fish can contain parasites and bacteria such as Salmonella, or Toxoplasma. Pregnant clients should avoid raw or undercooked fish entirely to prevent serious infections that can harm the fetus.
D. "Food-borne illnesses are more difficult to contract while pregnant.": Pregnancy actually increases susceptibility to certain food-borne illnesses due to immunologic changes. Pregnant clients should follow strict food safety measures to protect both maternal and fetal health.
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