A nurse is providing developmental care for a preterm infant in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?
Cluster care activities to allow for uninterrupted rest periods.
Keep the lights and noise level high to stimulate brain development.
Avoid touching or holding the infant to prevent overstimulation.
Change the infant’s position frequently to promote muscle tone.
The Correct Answer is A
This is because preterm infants are born before or during critical periods of brain development and need to reduce stress and promote neurological development. Cluster care means grouping care activities together and timing them according to the infant’s cues, such as alertness, hunger, and sleepiness. This way, the infant can have longer periods of undisturbed sleep, which is essential for brain maturation.
Choice B is wrong because keeping the lights and noise level high can cause sensory overload and stress for the preterm infant. The NICU environment should be dimmed and quiet to mimic the womb and support the infant’s circadian rhythm.
Choice C is wrong because avoiding touching or holding the infant can deprive the infant of human contact and bonding, which are important for emotional and social development. Preterm infants can benefit from gentle touch, massage, and kangaroo care, which is holding the baby with direct skin-to-skin contact. These interventions can help with body temperature, breastfeeding, weight gain, and attachment.
Choice D is wrong because changing the infant’s position frequently can disrupt the infant’s sleep and cause stress. Preterm infants should be positioned in a way that supports their posture and alignment, such as flexion, midline orientation, and containment. Positioning aids such as blankets, rolls, or nests can be used to provide boundaries and comfort for the infant.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
This is because preterm infants are born before or during critical periods of brain development and need to reduce stress and promote neurological development.Cluster care means grouping care activities together and timing them according to the infant’s cues, such as alertness, hunger, and sleepiness.This way, the infant can have longer periods of undisturbed sleep, which is essential for brain maturation.
Choice B is wrong because keeping the lights and noise level high can cause sensory overload and stress for the preterm infant.The NICU environment should be dimmed and quiet to mimic the womb and support the infant’s circadian rhythm.
Choice C is wrong because avoiding touching or holding the infant can deprive the infant of human contact and bonding, which are important for emotional and social development.Preterm infants can benefit from gentle touch, massage, and kangaroo care, which is holding the baby with direct skin-to-skin contact.These interventions can help with body temperature, breastfeeding, weight gain, and attachment.
Choice D is wrong because changing the infant’s position frequently can disrupt the infant’s sleep and cause stress.Preterm infants should be positioned in a way that supports their posture and alignment, such as flexion, midline orientation, and containment.Positioning aids such as blankets, rolls, or nests can be used to provide boundaries and comfort for the infant.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
ROP is a condition that affects the blood vessels of the retina in premature infants.
It can cause vision loss or blindness if not treated.
The main treatment for ROP is laser therapy or cryotherapy to stop abnormal blood vessel growth.
However, these treatments do not restore normal vision and may have complications.
Therefore, regular eye exams are needed to monitor the condition and detect any changes or problems.
Choice B is wrong because surgery is not a common treatment for ROP.
Surgery may be done in some cases to reattach the retina if it detaches from the eye wall, but this is a rare and serious complication of ROP.
Choice C is wrong because oxygen therapy can actually worsen ROP.
High levels of oxygen can stimulate the abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina.
Oxygen therapy should be used with caution and only when necessary for premature infants.
Choice D is wrong because glasses do not improve vision in ROP.
Glasses can correct refractive errors such as nearsightedness or farsightedness, but they cannot fix the damage to the retina caused by ROP.
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