A nurse is providing community education on the risk factors for liver cirrhosis. Which risk factor should the nurse emphasize as the leading cause of liver cirrhosis?

Chronic viral hepatitis (B, C, or D)

Alcohol abuse

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

Autoimmune hepatitis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A)   Chronic viral hepatitis is a significant risk factor for liver cirrhosis, especially in regions where these viruses are prevalent. However, alcohol abuse is considered the leading cause of liver cirrhosis.
B)   Among the listed risk factors, alcohol abuse is the leading cause of liver cirrhosis in many parts of the world. Prolonged and excessive alcohol consumption can directly damage liver cells, leading to inflammation and subsequent scarring. The risk of developing cirrhosis is closely related to the amount and duration of alcohol consumption.
C)   NAFLD is a growing concern and a leading cause of liver disease globally. It is strongly associated with obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. While NAFLD is a significant risk factor for liver cirrhosis, alcohol abuse holds the highest association with cirrhosis.
D)   Autoimmune hepatitis is an immune-mediated liver disease that can lead to chronic inflammation and cirrhosis if not properly managed. While it is a risk factor for cirrhosis, alcohol abuse remains the leading cause of the condition.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) Hepatocellular carcinoma is a type of liver cancer and can be a complication of liver cirrhosis. However, it is not typically associated with difficulty sleeping or shortness of breath.

B) Portal hypertension, a common complication of liver cirrhosis, can lead to the development of ascites and esophageal varices, among other manifestations. It is not the likely cause of the client's difficulty sleeping and shortness of breath.

C) Hepatic encephalopathy is a neuropsychiatric complication of advanced liver disease and is not associated with difficulty sleeping or shortness of breath.

D) Hepatopulmonary syndrome is a complication of liver cirrhosis characterized by the development of pulmonary vascular dilation and arteriovenous shunting. This results in impaired oxygenation of blood, leading to difficulty breathing (dyspnea), especially while lying down (orthopnea). Clients with hepatopulmonary syndrome often experience frequent awakenings due to shortness of breath during sleep.

A. Encouraging frequent ambulation and leg exercises. B. Applying cold packs to areas of potential bleeding. C. Using a soft-bristle toothbrush for oral care. D. Administering intramuscular injections cautiously.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) While ambulation and leg exercises are essential for maintaining overall health, they are not directly related to preventing bleeding episodes in clients with liver cirrhosis. The risk of bleeding in these clients is primarily related to clotting factor synthesis impairment.

B) Applying cold packs can help reduce swelling and inflammation but may not be the most appropriate intervention for preventing bleeding episodes in clients with liver cirrhosis. Cold packs may have limited effectiveness in addressing the underlying clotting factor deficiency.

C) Clients with liver cirrhosis may experience impaired clotting due to decreased synthesis of clotting factors by the liver. To prevent bleeding episodes, using a soft-bristle toothbrush for oral care is essential. A soft-bristle toothbrush is gentler on the gums and oral tissues, reducing the risk of causing trauma or bleeding during oral hygiene practices.

D) While it is important to administer intramuscular injections cautiously in clients with clotting disorders, this intervention is not the most essential for preventing bleeding episodes. Clients with liver cirrhosis are at risk of bleeding primarily due to the liver's decreased synthesis of clotting factors, not necessarily due to intramuscular injections.

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A nurse is providing community education on the risk factors for liver cirrhosis. Which risk factor should the nurse emphasize as the leading cause of liver cirrhosis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with liver cirrhosis complains of difficulty sleeping at night due to frequent awakenings caused by shortness of breath. Which complication should the nurse suspect as the most likely cause of the client's symptom?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with liver cirrhosis is at risk of bleeding due to decreased synthesis of clotting factors. Which nursing intervention is essential in preventing bleeding episodes?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client with liver cirrhosis is at risk of developing esophageal varices. Which medication should the nurse expect to be prescribed to reduce the risk of bleeding from these varices?

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with liver cirrhosis. Which dietary modification should the nurse recommend to the client?

A client with a history of chronic hepatitis C infection asks the nurse about the risk of developing liver cirrhosis. Which response by the nurse is accurate?

A nurse is caring for a client with liver cirrhosis and notices that the client's platelet count is significantly decreased. Which complication of liver cirrhosis is the likely cause of this finding?

A client with liver cirrhosis complains of severe itching. Which term should the nurse use to document this symptom?

A nurse is assessing a client with suspected liver cirrhosis. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to find as an early sign of the condition?

A client with suspected liver cirrhosis is scheduled for a diagnostic imaging test. Which imaging modality is commonly used to assess the liver's size, shape, and structure in clients with cirrhosis?

A client with suspected liver cirrhosis undergoes a liver biopsy. Which nursing action is essential following the procedure?