A nurse is evaluating a client's laboratory results. The nurse should recognize that which of the following results places the client at risk for coronary heart disease?
HbA1c 5%
Fasting glucose 140 mg/dL
LDL 64 mg/dL
Total cholesterol 173 mg/dL
The Correct Answer is B
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a condition characterized by the buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries, leading to reduced blood flow to the heart. Several risk factors contribute to the development of CHD, including high blood glucose levels, high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high total cholesterol levels.
HbA1c 5%: HbA1c is a measure of average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months. A level of 5% is within the target range for individuals without diabetes and indicates good glycemic control. It does not place the client at risk for CHD.
Fasting glucose 140 mg/dL: Fasting glucose levels above 126 mg/dL are considered diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus. A level of 140 mg/dL indicates hyperglycemia and suggests impaired glucose metabolism, which is a risk factor for CHD.
LDL 64 mg/dL: LDL cholesterol is often referred to as "bad" cholesterol, as elevated levels are associated with an increased risk of CHD. A level of 64 mg/dL is within the desirable range and does not place the client at risk for CHD.
Total cholesterol 173 mg/dL: Total cholesterol levels below 200 mg/dL are generally considered desirable. A level of 173 mg/dL is within the desirable range and does not place the client at risk for CHD.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
An appropriate intervention for a nurse caring for a client with stomatitis following radiation therapy would be to serve foods without sauces or gravies. Stomatitis is the inflammation of the mucous membranes in the mouth, which can cause pain and discomfort. Foods with sauces or gravies can irritate the affected areas and exacerbate the symptoms. Serving plain or bland foods can help alleviate discomfort and promote healing.
Instructing the client to drink liquids without a straw is not specifically related to stomatitis. The use of a straw may not have a direct impact on the condition. However, it is generally recommended to avoid using a straw when there are mouth sores or ulcers to prevent further irritation.
Serving foods while still at a hot temperature is not appropriate for a client with stomatitis. Hot foods can cause additional discomfort and may further irritate the inflamed tissues. It is advisable to serve foods at a cooler or lukewarm temperature to provide relief.
Offering mouth rinses with normal saline and water is not specifically related to stomatitis following radiation therapy. While mouth rinses can be helpful in maintaining oral hygiene and soothing oral tissues, the choice of rinse solution may vary depending on the client's condition and healthcare provider's recommendations. In some cases, a healthcare provider may prescribe a specific mouth rinse or provide instructions on the appropriate solution to use.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The dietary choice with the highest calcium content among the options provided would be 1 cup of broccoli. Broccoli is a good source of calcium and can contribute to meeting the body's calcium needs.
While tomatoes, bananas, and grapes are healthy fruits, they are not significant sources of calcium. They are lower in calcium content compared to broccoli. However, these fruits do offer other nutritional benefits such as vitamins and antioxidants.
To promote bone health and prevent osteoporosis, it is important to include calcium-rich foods in the diet, such as dairy products (milk, yogurt, cheese), fortified plant-based milk, leafy green vegetables (like broccoli), tofu, and certain fish (like salmon and sardines). Additionally, adequate vitamin D intake and regular weight-bearing exercise are also important for maintaining strong bones.
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